Sem 1 - Neoplasia Flashcards
What are basement membranes predominantly composed of?
Collagen type 4
Desmoplastic stroma in a malignant tumour contributes to the? how?
firmness of the lesion.
induce the proliferation of fibroblasts (via TGFbeta) which deposit extracellular matrix as they invade.
cells with small nuclei that are fairly uniform in size and shape and which have small or inconspicuous nucleoli are in keeping with what?
benign tumour
what does grade in regards to carcinoma represent
its degree of differentiation i.e. how well it resembles normal tissue
what does N stand for in tumour grading?
Lymph node metastases
Into what solution, if any, are the biopsies likely to be placed for sending to the pathology laboratory?
formalin
dif b/w serosa and adventitia?
Serosa is connective tissue covered by a layer of simple squamous epithelium (known as mesothelium) which lines a cavity while adventitia is connective tissue which merges with surrounding tissues.
t or f necrosis is not important in determining prognosis in most malignancies?
true
a patient has a chronically ulcerated lesion in the GIT.
What is the probable cause of the microcytic hypochromic anaemia in this patient? and what is likely to cause the anaemia
Iron deficiency via Gradual unrecognised loss of red blood cells via the ulcerated surface
Would you expect carcinomas to arise as primary tumours in a lymph node?
No. Carcinomas normally arise in epithelial tissues. Lymph nodes do not normally contain epithelium thus one would not expect carcinomas to arise within them
At the biochemical level, the main regulation of the cell cycle occurs via
phosphorylation
The relevant mutations involved in the pathogenesis of non-small cell carcinoma of the lung results in constitutive activation of?
a receptor tyrosine kinase
