Self Report Techniques (Questionnaires) - 27/11/23

Question 1

What is a self report technique?

Answer 1

when a person is asked to explain their own feelings, opinions, behaviours and experiences related to a given topic

Question 1

What are the two types of self report technique?

Answer 1

1) Questionnaires
2) Interviews

Question 2

What is a Questionnaire?

Answer 2

A set of written questions used to assess a person’s thoughts and/or experiences. The participant writes their responses to the questions

Question 3

A questionnaire may be used as part of an experiment to assess the __.

Answer 3

DV

Question 4

What are the two types of Questionnaires?

Answer 4

• Open Questions
• Closed Questions

Question 5

What happens in Open Questions?

Answer 5

Questions for which there is no fixed choice of response and respondents can answer in any way they wish

Question 6

What type of data is Open Questions likely to be?

Answer 6

Qualitative

Question 7

What happens in Closed Questions?

Answer 7

Questions for which there is a fixed choice of responses determined by the question setter

Question 8

What type of data is Closed Questions more likely to be?

Answer 8

Quantitative

Question 9

What is a positive and negative of Open Questions?
[3]

Answer 9

Positive:
* Rich in depth and detail

Negative:
* Difficult to analyse and summarise data
* conclusions open to bias

Question 10

What is a positive and negative of Closed Questions?
[5]

Answer 10

Positive:
* Easy to analyse quantitative data
* Easy to compare
* Less bias

Negative:
* May lack depth and detail
* can’t explain answers

Question 11

What are the 3 main types of rating scales with Closed Questions?

Answer 11

• Fixed Choice Questions
• Likert Scale
• Rating Scale

Question 12

What happens in a Likert scale?

Answer 12

Likert scale is where respondent shows their agreement with a statement using a scale of 5 points, from Strongly Agree to Strongly Disagree

Question 13

What happens in a Rating Scale?

Answer 13

It gets respondents to identify a value that represents their strengths of feeling about a topic. (e.g. how entertaining is this movie from 1-10)

Question 14

What happens in a Fixed Choice Option?

Answer 14

It includes a list of possible options and respondents are required to indicate which one applies to them

Question 15

____ is key when designing questionnaires.

Answer 15

Clarity

Question 16

What are the 5 common errors in question design?

Answer 16

1) Overuse of jargon
2) Emotive language
3) Leading Questions
4) Double Barelled Questions
5) Double Negatives

Question 17

What is Jargon and how do you counter this?
[2]

Answer 17

• It refers to technical terms that may be too overcomplicated for a person not studying in a certain field, and it may confuse them
• The best questions are simple and easily understood

Question 18

What happens in Emotive Language?

Answer 18

Where the author is biased by using emotive words (e.g. suggesting author doesn’t like sport)

Question 19

What happens in a Leading Questions?

Answer 19

Guides the respondent to a particular answer that’s biased

Question 20

What happens in Double-Barrelled Questions?

Answer 20

They contain two questions in one: respondents may agree with one and disagree with the other one

Question 21

What are Positives of Questionnaires?
[3]

Answer 21

• They’re cost-effective - can gather large amounts of data quickly
• Can be completed without the researcher being present - less effort
• Data Questionnaire is straightforward to analyse - graphs and chart

Question 22

What are Negatives of Questionnaires?
[3]

Answer 22

• It may not be always be truthful - since, respondents may be keen to present themselves in a positive light and might be influenced
• Can produce response bias, where respondents reply in a similiar way (complete it too quickly)
• Social Desirability Bias

Question 23

What is Social Desirability Bias?

Answer 23

Particicpants want to present themselves ina positive light, and causes demand characteristics

Question 24

What is acqueiscence bias?

Answer 24

The tendency to agree with items of questionnaires regardless of content of question