Self report techniques

Question 1

what is a self report technique

Answer 1

a non-experimental method to gain insight into pps thoughts, experiences and beliefs

Question 2

give examples of a self report technique

Answer 2

1) questionnaires

2) interviewa

Question 3

define a questionnaire

Answer 3

a self report technique in which data is collected through the use of written questions

Question 4

define an interview

Answer 4

a self report technique that involves face-to-face or real time interaction with another individual in which questions are asked to collect data

Question 5

what is a structured interview

Answer 5

any interview in which questions are pre-determined, in advance or the interview

Question 6

what is an unstructured interview

Answer 6

the interview starts with some general aims and maybe some questions, and lets the interviewee’s answer guide the next questions

Question 7

Evaluate questionnaires

Answer 7

+ once designed and tested they can be distributed across to large numbers relatively cheap and fast- so a large sample of data can be collected
+ respondents may be more willing to provide more personal data as they feel less self-conscious

• questionnaires are only filled out by pps who can read and write and have time to fill them in. Thia creates a bias sample

Question 8

evaluate structured interviews

Answer 8

+ easily repeated as questions are standardized- allows easy comparisons of data
+ easier to analyze as they are more predictable than unstructured interviews

• interviewer bias

Question 9

evaluate unstructured interviews

Answer 9

+ more detailed information can be gathered

• requires more skill as interviews need to think of new questions on the spot, therefore are more expensive to produce
• such in-depth detail is likely to lack objectivity

Question 10

What is interviewer bias

Answer 10

the effect of an interviewers expectations, communicated unconsciously, on a respondents behavior

Question 11

Evaluate self report techniques

Answer 11

+ allows access to what people think of feel to their experiences and attitudes

• people may not supply truthful answers as they want to appear socially desirable
• people may not know what they think or feel so makeup answers- lack validity
• sample used may not be representative so cant be generalsied

Question 12

How must a good questionnaire be constructed

Answer 12

1) clarity- questions must be written in a way the reader understands with no ambiguity
2) Bias- any bias may lead the pps to provide a certain answer
3) analysis- questions must be written in a way which is easy to analyse

Question 13

what are open and closed questions

Answer 13

open- questions which invite pps to provide their own answers rather than selected ones provided

closed- questions with a predetermined range of answers in which the pps chose from

Question 14

evaluate open questions

Answer 14

+ allows expanded answers which increase the amount of detail that can be collected
+ provides unexpected answers allowing new insights to be made on feelings and attitudes

• produce qualitative data which are harder to summarize, makes it had to draw conclusions or detect patterns

Question 15

evaluate closed questions

Answer 15

+ provides quantitative data which are easy to analyze and graph allowing patterns to be noticed
- respondents are forced to select answers which may not represent their real thoughts or behaviors decreasing the validity.