Self Questions Final

Question 0

Sleep is divided into stages based on what?

Answer 0

– electroencephalography (EEG)
– electro-occulogram (EOG)
– electromyogram (EMG)

Question 1

Sleep is a behavioral state that differs from wakefulness by?

Answer 1

Readily reversible loss of reactivity to an event in one’s environment

Question 2

(light) theta, delta (low amplitude) horizontal eye

Answer 2

Non REM stage 1

Question 3

(light) theta, delta, sleep spindles, K complexes

Answer 3

Non REM stage 2

Question 4

(deep) high amplitude delta (20-50%)

Answer 4

Non REM stage 3

Question 5

(deep) high amplitude delta (>50%)

Answer 5

Non REM stage 4

Question 6

Lesions in NTS produce?

Answer 6

cortical desynchronization (waking pattern of EEG)

Question 7

Direct connections between NTS & majorareas of the limbic system exist where?

Answer 7

(ant. thalamus,hypothalamus, amygdala)

Question 8

serotonin rich raphe nucleus produces?

Answer 8

Insomnia

Question 9

What is a melatonin precursor?

Answer 9

Serotonin

Question 10

what is highly concentrated in the preoptic nucleus and induces both SWS and REM sleep?

Answer 10

Prostaglandin D2

Question 11

Sleep spindles and delta waves are physiologic events involving what neurons?

Answer 11

GABAergic neurons

Question 12

During REM sleep what is associated with many

phasic events such as rapid eye movements,changes in respiration, heart rate, muscle twitches, and dreaming?

Answer 12

pontine geniculate occipital spikes (PGO)

Question 13

Many antidepressants are REM (suppressors/depressors)?

Answer 13

Supressors

Question 14

Rheobase is what % greater in REM sleep?

Answer 14

30%

Question 15

Characterized by bursts of excessive limb and body movements during REM sleep?

Answer 15

REM behavior disorder

Question 16

Increasing sleep
A. Increases leptin, decreases ghrelin
B. Decreases leptin, increases ghrelin

Answer 16

A. Increases leptin, decreases ghrelin

Question 17

Uncontrolled excessive activity of either part or all of the CNS?

Answer 17

Electrical storm

Question 18

Termination of a seizure is typically caused by?

Answer 18

Neuronal fatigue

Question 19

• phenobarbital 
• dilantin 
• tegratol 
• depekene (Valproic Acid)
Are all used to treat?

Answer 19

Epilepsy

Question 20

During treatment for epilepsy, what is removed?

Answer 20

epileptic foci

Question 21

Ghrelin is from?

Answer 21

GI tract

Question 22

Leptin is from where?

Answer 22

Adipocytes

Question 23

Which is considered a mild mental illness?
A. dementia
B. Bipolar disorder
C. obsessive-compulsive personality
D. anxiety disorders

Answer 23

C. obsessive-compulsive personality

Question 24

What does Schizophrenia mean

Answer 24

Means shattered mind

Question 25

Concordance in dizygotic twins for schizophrenia is what percent?

Answer 25

10%

Question 26

What is the incidence and average age of onset for unipolar depression?

Answer 26

Incidence 5%

Age of onset - 30years