Self presentation + self objectification

Question 1

Interacting with others

Answer 1

• 2 ways of understanding peoples perspective/ inner lives
• Theory of mind = understanding others thoughts
• Empathy = understanding others feelings

Question 2

Theory of mind

Answer 2

• can infer others perspectives even if we think differently = mentalising

Question 3

false belief task : Sally- Anne

Answer 3

• ontogenetic changes across
  lifespan
• children under 4 + those with autism don’t pass
• Most children aged 4 pass false belief task

Question 4

Theory of mind during a game increases brain activity

Answer 4

• Gallagher + frith
• ppts played a game against a computer , some told playing a person
• ppts who thought they were playing against another human showed increased activity in medial prefrontal cortex

Question 5

empathy

Answer 5

• capacity to recognise emotions experienced another person

Question 6

Empathetic distress in newborns

Answer 6

• Exposed 1 +1/2 day old babies to real crying, synthetic or nothing
• Exposure to real crying resulted in greater crying response
• suggests they can exhibit empathetic distress
• empathy may arise sooner than theory of mind
• sagi + Hoffman

Question 7

Neural basis of empathy

Answer 7

• Singer et al
• its easy for US to recognise pain in others
• ppts receive small electric shocks whilst in fMRI scanner
• ppts told partners will also receive electric snock
• overlap in neural activity shows we recognise others feelings

Question 7

self presentation

Answer 7

• How people present themselves to influence What others think of them
• Related to persona + public self

Question 8

2 types of self- presentation motivations

Answer 8

• Baumeister + Hutten
• Audience construction : match self presentation to audience preferences
• self construction : match presentation to ideal self

Question 9

Impression management

Answer 9

• Impression motivation : goal- relevance , value desired goals , discrepancy between desired + current image
• Impression construction : self- concept , desired +undesired identity, current / potential social image

Question 10

social media + self - presentation

Answer 10

• online self can be exaggeration of public self
• public self can easily curated online to influence how others see us
• seeing others on social media = social comparison

Question 11

self - sexualisation

Answer 11

• engagement in activities to appear more sexually appealing
• more common in younger women

Question 12

cross- self cultural self- sexualisation in Iran

Answer 12

• Enforced modesty of clothing + hair in Iran
• self- sexualisation is expressed more on the face
• consumed more objectifying media had lower self-esteem + wear heavy makeup to sexualise their appearance

Question 13

Motivations for online self- sexualisation

Answer 13

• self- sexualisation was higher on instagram
• wanting attention was strongest predictor of posting sexualised pictures

Question 14

social media addiction + self- esteem

Answer 14

• Addictive use of social media most associated with young single women + narcissism
• supports notion of Addictive social media use reflecting a need to feed the ego

Question 15

self - objectification

Answer 15

• worrying about what others think of you can be stressful + upsetting
• Is seeing your self worth + value in terms of physical appearance for others to the neglect of your cog capacities

Question 16

objectification Theory

Answer 16

• women internalise objectification culture they are raised in:
• Media objectification
• societal focus on female appearance

Question 17

consequences of objectifying media:

Answer 17

• consumption of sexualised media is associated with girls + women objectifying themselves
• girls who consume more sexually objectifying media believe it was important to attractive than to be heaIthy

Question 18

criticisms of objectification theory

Answer 18

• expect with social media women would portray themselves in a less sexualised manner as they have control over how they are viewed
  opposite occurred (only Fans, TIk Tok, insta)