Self Guide Self Test LAB 12

Question 1

A Calorie or kilocalorie unit is used to measure food energy and is equal to the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a __________ of water by ______________.
o=degree

a) kilogram; 1o Centigrade

b) gram; 1o Centigrade

c) kilogram; 10o Centigrade

d) gram; 10o Centigrade

Answer 1

a) kilogram; 1o Centigrade

Question 2

Match the following conversion factors
(match)

1 liter
1 kilogram
l kilocalorie

options:

1000 grams
1000 calories
1000 ml

Answer 2

1 liter = 1000 ml
1 kilogram = 1000 grams
l kilocalorie = 1000 calories

Question 3

A subject has a ventilation of 7,500 milliliters per minute. Calculate the volume of air in liters that they move through their lungs every hour (liters /hr). Report answer to the whole unit.

Answer 3

450

Question 4

A subject who weighs 72 kilograms has oxygen consumption with exercise of 2,200 milliliters per hour per kilogram of body weight. Calculate the total volume (in liters) of oxygen the subject uses per minute (liters/min). Report answer to the nearest 1/10 unit.

Answer 4

2.6

Question 5

The cells of the body can only utilize:

a) chemical energy in the form of ATP.

b) thermal energy.

c) work energy.

d) electrical energy.

Answer 5

a) chemical energy in the form of ATP.

Question 6

Which of the following statements best describes the approximate efficiency of the body in utilizing energy?

a) initially 80% converted to thermal energy, 20% converted to work energy.

b) initially 20% converted to thermal energy, 80% converted to work energy.

c) eventually all (100%) energy is converted to thermal energy

d) both a and c are true

Answer 6

d) both a and c are true

a) initially 80% converted to thermal energy, 20% converted to work energy.

c) eventually all (100%) energy is converted to thermal energy

Question 7

Which of the following statements are true?
(multiple choice)

a) Rate of heat production in rested, fasted, unstressed subject is a reflection of all the metabolic processes going on in the body.

b) Under basal conditions, subject uses energy only for vital processes of body.

c) ATP is used for the chemical, mechanical, osmotic, and electrical reactions that cells of the body need to survive.

e) Subjects in the resting state use stored chemical energy and produce heat energy

Answer 7

everything

Question 8

The amount of energy put into a system is _____ the energy put out by the system.

a) greater than

b) less than

c) either greater than or less than

d) the same as

Answer 8

d) the same as

Question 9

In the laboratory _____ was used to measure the metabolism of the Mr. Faust, the laboratory mouse and _____ was used to determine the metabolism of the human subject.

a) direct calorimetry, direct calorimetry

b) direct calorimetry, indirect calorimetry

c) indirect calorimetry, direct calorimetry

d) indirect calorimetry, indirect calorimetry

Answer 9

d) indirect calorimetry, indirect calorimetry

Question 10

When we measure actual heat produced by a subject to determine metabolic rate, we are using_____ calorimetry, and if we measure oxygen consumption, we are using _____ calorimetry.

a) direct; direct

b) indirect; indirect

c) direct; indirect

d) indirect; direct

Answer 10

c) direct; indirect

Question 11

The _____ gives us a relationship between heat production and oxygen consumption in the body that allows us to indirectly determine metabolic rates.

a) bomb calorimeter

b) energy content of food

c) FIO2

d) FICO2

e) energy equivalent of oxygen

Answer 11

e) energy equivalent of oxygen

Question 12

The energy equivalent of oxygen is:

a) 20.93%

b) 0.75 liters of oxygen/gram of carbohydrate

c) 4.8 kcal heat produced for every liter of oxygen utilized

d) 20-27% efficiency

Answer 12

c) 4.8 kcal heat produced for every liter of oxygen utilized

Question 13

Which of the following statements are true?
(multiple choices)

c) Heat production can be calculated from oxygen consumption by using the energy equivalent of oxygen.

f) Men have a higher average metabolic rate than do women.

g) Metabolic rates increase with increased levels of activity.

Answer 13

C, F,G

Question 14

As age increases, metabolic rate____ .

a) increases

b) decreases

c) does not change

d) decreases shortly after birth, then gradually increases.

e) decreases until the age of fifteen, then remains about the same.

Answer 14

b) decreases

Question 15

Ingestion of food:
(multiple choices)

b) increases resting metabolic rates.

d) consisting primarily of proteins has a greater effect on metabolism than lipids or carbohydrates

Answer 15

B,D

Question 16

As circulating thyroxine (thyroid hormone) levels increase, metabolic rate ______.

a) increases.

b) decreases.

c) does not change.

d) decreases, then increases because of negative feedback.

Answer 16

a) increases.

Question 17

Metabolic rate increases following the ingestion of caffeine because caffeine:

a) decreases parasympathetic nervous system activity.

b) stimulates thyroid hormone release.

c) inhibits phosphodiesterase activity causing more cAMP to be present and therefore enhance sympathetic pathways

d) increases the release of norepinephrine from sympathetic nerve endings

Answer 17

c) inhibits phosphodiesterase activity causing more cAMP to be present and therefore enhance sympathetic pathways

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT required for the measurement of a Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?
(multiple choices)

a) fasting subject (2-5 hours)

e) late afternoon testing time

f) very warm room temperature

i) sleeping subject

j) body temperature not important..

k) The patient performs a specific set of exercises for standardization

Answer 18

A,E,F,I,J,K

Question 19

Match the metabolic term in the left column with the best definition from the right column.
(Match)

LEFT:
-oxygen consumption
-heat production
-metabolic rate (units used in human measurements)
-metabolic rate (all species)
-metabolic intensity

RIGHT:
-total oxygen (ml or liters) utilized per unit of time (minutes, hours, days)

-volume O2 /(time x kg) or kcal /(time x kg)

• kcal/m2 x hr
• total heat produced (kcal) per unit of time (minutes, hours, days)

-volume O2 /time or kcal/time

Answer 19

oxygen consumption = total oxygen (ml or liters) utilized per unit of time (minutes, hours, days)

heat production = total heat produced (kcal) per unit of time (minutes, hours, days)

metabolic rate (units used in human measurements) = kcal/m2 x hr

metabolic rate (all species) = volume O2 /time or kcal/time

metabolic intensity = volume O2 /(time x kg) or kcal /(time x kg)

Question 20

The phrase kcal / (hr × m2) is the same as kcal / (m2 × hr) and the phrase O2 / (min × kg) is the same as O2 / ( kg × min) and both represent ways of expressing metabolic rate.

a) True

b) False

Answer 20

a) True

Question 21

Match the metabolic term in the left column with the best definition from the right column.
(Match)

LEFT:

FECO2
FEO2
FIO2
FICO2
VE
VO2

RIGHT:

-fraction expired carbon dioxide
-ventilation, liters of air per minute
-fraction inspired carbon dioxide
-fraction inspired oxygen
-oxygen consumption (volume oxygen/min)
-fraction expired oxygen

Answer 21

FECO2 = fraction expired carbon dioxide

FEO2 = fraction expired oxygen

FIO2 = fraction inspired oxygen

FICO2 = fraction inspired carbon dioxide

VE = ventilation, liters of air per minute

VO2 = oxygen consumption (volume oxygen/min)

Question 22

Match the metabolic term in the left column with the best approximate value from the right column.
(match)

LEFT:

FECO2
FEO2
FIO2
FICO2
VE
VO2

RIGHT:

0.2093
~6 lilers/min
0.03 to 0.05
0.0004
0.25-0.30 liters/min
0.16 to 0.17

Answer 22

FECO2 = 0.03 to 0.05
FEO2 = 0.16 to 0.17
FIO2 = 0.2093
FICO2 = 0.0004
VE = ~6 lilers/min
VO2 = 0.25-0.30 liters/min

Question 23

Oxygen consumption measurements are converted to _____, which stands for _____.

a) STPD, standard temperature and pressure of a dry gas

b) STPS, standard temperature and pressure of a saturated gas

c) STPD, standard temperature, ambient pressure, dry gas

d) BTPS, body temperature, standard pressure, saturated gas

e) BTPS, body temperature, ambient pressure, saturated gas

f) BTPD, body temperature, standard pressure, dry gas

Answer 23

a) STPD, standard temperature and pressure of a dry gas

Question 24

Measurements in the laboratory needed for the Haldane transformation include:
(multiple choice)

a) FECO2

b) FEO2

e) VE

Answer 24

A,B,E

Question 25

Calculate metabolic rate [kcal/hour] of a subject given the rate of oxygen consumption of 246 ml/min. Calculate to the nearest 1/10 unit.

Answer 25

70.8

Question 26

Calculate metabolic rate, [kcal/(hour x m2), of a subject given the rate of oxygen consumption of 300 millilers/min and a surface area of 1.8 m2. Calculate to the nearest 1/10 unit.

a) 48

b) 0.8

c) 10

d) 48,000

Answer 26

a) 48

Question 27

Calculate metabolic intensity, kcal/(hour x kg) of a subject given the rate of oxygen consumption of 14.3 liters/ hour and a weight of 70 kilograms. Calculate to the nearest 1/100 unit.

Answer 27

.98

Question 28

Calculate surface area to mass ratio of a subject with a weight of 72 kilograms and and surface area of 1.5 m2. Report answer to nearest 1/1000.

Answer 28

.021

Question 29

On a per kilogram basis (metabolic intensity or mass specific metabolic rate), the metabolic rate of smaller mammals is _____ larger mammals.

a) less than

b) greater than

c) the same as

d) no relationship can be made

Answer 29

b) greater than

Question 30

In Experiment #12 (Energy Metabolism), we compared the oxygen consumption, heat production and metabolic rate of a human and a mouse. Which of the following conclusions were you able to make?

a) Under identical ambient conditions the mouse has a higher STPD.

b) The human has a higher total O2 consumption (liters /min), but lower metabolic rate measured in kcal/(kg × hr).

c) The mouse has a higher total of O2 consumption (liters /min) and higher metabolic rate measured in kcal/(kg × hr).

d) The human has a lower total heat production (kcal/hr), but a higher total of O2 consumption (liters /hr).

e) Body size is not a factor, that is the milliliters of O2 consumed per kilogram of body weight per hour is the same regardless of size.

Answer 30

b) The human has a higher total O2 consumption (liters /min), but lower metabolic rate measured in kcal/(kg × hr).

Question 31

Which of the following statements is/are true?
(multiple choices)

a) as body size or weight increases, the total oxygen consumption or oxygen consumption per “animal” increases

b) as body weight increases, the total heat production increases

e) as surface area:weight ratio increases, metabolic intensity increases

Answer 31

A,B,E

Question 32

As the size of an animal _____, the surface area:mass ratio _____ and therefore the organism loses heat to the environment at a ____ rate and must consequently produce _____ heat per unit of body mass to compensate for the _____ heat losses.
(multiple choices)

a) decreases, increases, faster, more, increased

h) increases, decreases, slower, less, decreased

Answer 32

A,H