Self-concept and self-processes Flashcards
What are the 4 categories we can divide the self into?
- Material self
- Social self
- Spiritual self
- True self
The _______ self is an extension of our self into our body, clothes and possesions?
Material self
____ is the self that is related to group membership
Social self
We____ to adapt our behaviour to fit the situation or group we are in
Self-monitor
Being at the root of our consciouness and a persons moral centre are represented best by ________ self
spiritual self; comprises of the persons inner or subjective being and psychic dispositions
_____ self is the person you really are
True self
What is the measure of true self ? Define
Authenticity - extent to which a person feels aligned to his or her true self
What are the 4 components of authenticity?
- authenticity in relationships - are we truly ourselves in a relationship can we express ourselves
- Unbiased processing - do we understand the good and the bad in this world and can we make decisions based on this info
- Awareness - of our own strenghts, motives and weakness
- Bheaviour - do our behaviours or actions reflect values, motives and beliefs
_____ phenomenon subjects us to feelings of phony, fake or fraud
Imposter phenomenon
Good or high self-esteem has what 2 outcomes?
- leads people to intitate action
- makes you feel good about yourself
What are some ways people maintain self-esteem?
- Self-enhancement - desire to maintain high self concept and positivity
- Self esteem rgulation - actions involved in maintaining high self-esteem; includes forming close relationships, belonging to social groups and success
- Self-serving bias - not the best way to boost self esteem however it involves taking credit for success and blaming the loss or failure on other things or people and not taking credit for it
Define the sociometer theory
There is a direct causal link between social belongingness and self esteem - if there is a lack of social relationships one can experience low self esteem
How can one be self compassionate and what does it mean?
Self-compassion means treating our own self the way we would treat others, with the same sense of compassion.
- Self-kindness: treating yourself with kindness
- Common humanity: all humans make mistakes and that almost everyone has been in unpleasant and dumb situations
- Mindfulness practice: being aware of own thoughts and feelings but not attaching to it and not dwelling in the past or future
____ is the belief that one will be effective and work successfully towards goals
Self-efficacy
Can self efficacy predict performance in school and at work?
True - however mostly in tasks that are less complex can this help but in more complex tasks not so much. Also, it does not provide a causal relationship but rather a predcitive one as self-efficacy can be an outcome of success
____ personality trait includes a very grandiose, positive view of the self
Narcissitic
What are the 2 forms of narcissism?
- grandiose - positive grand view of self wherein a person is more cocky, vain, extraverted, egotistical and socially bold. The focus of such people is to be smarter, better and more attractive than other folks. Low on neuroticism
- Vulnerable: High on neuroticim, depression, anxiety but low on on extraversion and dominance/assertiveness
What Big 5 personality traits do narcissists reflect?
Low on agreeableness and high on extraversion
Narcissism is measured using ____
NPI - narcissitic personality inventory
- it has 40 pairs of statements and the total of narcissitic statements is the total score
Narcissists have high explicit and implicit self esteem - T/F
True
What are some narcissistic personality traits?
extraversion levels
low agreeableness
are not considered caring
positive self concept
think they are better than rest
risk takers
lack ability to take feedback
What is self regulation
guiding and directing self to a desired state
_____ is the self you imagine you could be whether ideal or feared
possible selves
explain the diff b/w ought and ideal self
ought self - someone who i think i should be
ideal self - someone i want to be
same goals but very different feeling in both situations **
example: gaining 20 pounds; going infront of mom who is nagging about weight gain v/s simply looking in the mirror and seeing the hardwork being wasted and u not reaching your goal
_____ is the difference between our ideal/ought self and actual self
discrepancy; self-discrepancy theory
what does the self discrepancy theory say
?
the model basically gives the distance bw the selves is given an emotion
what are some facts or research findings about self control?
- works like a muscle - the more u work it the stronger it gets
- uses willpower
- the more u exercise it one aspect of life it can manifest in others as well
Suggest some tips to induce self control or to practice it?
- out of sight out of mind - do not buy that desert at the store
- Self control is challenging esp when one is tired and frustrated
- make it a habit to exercise self control - eg using table manners even when eating alone
