Personality and mental health Flashcards
_____ are extreme and inflexible variants of personality traits that may lead to significant impairments
personality disorders
what 6 criterions does someone need to fit to be diagnosed with PD?
A. problems in most aspects of life
B. being inflexible in behavioural terms
C. major life problems
D. experiencing PD since adolescence
E. The beh isn’t due to other mental or;
F. Physical reasons
People with personality disorders are ususall high in ___ and low in ____
N and A
what kind of kids are more prone to PD?
kids with PD in family are more prone (nature)
also parenting styles impact PD and make u more prone if u have cold and unsupportive parents (nurture)
What does cluster A of PD contain?
- schizotypal
- Paranoid
- schizoid
Cluster B of PD contains?
1.borderline
2. antisocial
3. histrionic
4. narcissitic
Cluster C……
Avoidant
dependant
obsessive-compulsive
What is the Borderline PD of cluster B ?
- very turbulent uncertain reln with others
- unstable emotions
- fluctuating self esteem
- non-suicidal injury and abusing drugs or alcohol to fill a void
- perceive affective stimuli less intensely than control groups or avg person
- low in A and C
- high in N
- thinks about suicide
- low anxiety threshold
- diff in regulating emotions
- binges on food, sex or drugs
- ## lacks stability in mood and reln
What is the Schizoid personality d from cluster A?
- detachment to form any close reln with family, friends or romantic partner
- lacks motivation in general
- lacks pleasure in any activity
- low in E and no gains from it or socialising
- higher facet of anger and hostility
- solitary activities
- low in A and C
- no hobbies or interests
what is the dependent personality dis?
- cluster c
- the need to be cared for or dependency on other individuals
- high A
- high anxiety
-avoid conflict at all costs - fear of being abandoned
- dependent on other for everyday imp decisions
- 1% ppl have it
- overall profile - very timid, passive and submissive due to the fear of being left alone and inadeqaucy
- need relationships to fill the need of being cared for
____ captures the more negative and extreme version of the big 5
PID5
What are the traits measured by PID5?
- Negative affectivity - high in N
- mood fluctiates very quickly
- measures separation insecurity - Detachment - extreme introversion
- cluster A disorders
- no interest in life - anhedonia
- no interest in forming relationships - psychoticism - high in N and extreme openness to Exp
diff from psychopathy
- disturbed perceptual exp
- life feels unreal
- eccentricity - thoughts make sense to me but people think I’m strange - Disinhibition - low C
- irresponsible
- impulsive
- distractibility - Antagonism - extremely low A
- manipulative
-deceptive
- grandiose
_____ are dis characterized by significant mood problems and emotional problems
mood disorders
Describe MDD
- another mental disorder
- it is diagnosed when a person has major depressive episodes or loss of pleasure in life that last longer at least 2 weeks
- such people are high in N and low in A and C
- extraversion acts as a protective factor against it
- strong correlation with N as anxiety and depression are closely linked
what is bipolar disorder?
Mood disorder featuring manic episdies followed by depressive episodes
- manic ep: elevated and expansive mood
- high N but small
- high E
- 2 poles of BPD are N and E
- ## mania is also related to O
anxiety disorders are a ______ involving excessive A and people with this are high on ____ and low on ___ and ___
cluster of mental disorders
- N
- E and C
_____ is characterized by high levels of A over a period of 6 months or more
GAD
_____ is a mood disorder involving short intense bursts involving panic attacks
panic dis
what is a panic atatck
short intense bursts of intense fear and anxiety
- Panic attacks are often accompanied
by physical symptoms such as heart palpitations, sweating, chest pain, a fear of
going crazy or dying, and chills, numbness, or hot flashes
_____ is an intense fear of social situations and, esp for situations that involving being or performing with strangers
social phobia
______ involves problems with intoxicating substances such as drugs and alcohol.
what are the big 5 prevalent in such disorders
substance related disorders
- high in N
- low in A and C and E
Gambling disorder is ______
gambling to an extent that it causes problems in lives
- similar to substance related dis
- High on N
- low on C
What are some strategies to overcome mental disorders?
- drug therapy
- SSRI: help reduce N and increase E - Psychotherapy
- CBT
- DBT for BPD : emotional regulation, interpersonal effectiveness, distress tolerance and mindfulness - Increase social confidence
- Increase happiness
- Increase agreeablness and kindness
- increasing emotional competence
- counting acts of kindness
- meditation that helps feel compassion for others - META meditation or loving kindness meditation - Increasing self-control
- meditation: helps regain self control when one is mentally depleted
- mindfulness meditation: helps to be satisfied in relationships
what big 5 is the best predictor of longevity ?
Conscientiousness - teaches us willpower and ability to override impulses
- have self control
What are some steps to increase C?
- Start small
- Avoid trying too much at once
- Plan and setup routines
What is the relationship b/w N and physical health
- poor health and N are correlated
- folks experience more physical symptoms likely due to constant worrying about it
- age faster
- substance abuse to cope
- higher risk of depression
- ## Type D personality
_____ is the persoanlity that avoids social interactions due to fear of disapproval and has high N
type d
what is type B personality?
Personality type that is laid back and
less scheduled
- Linked to higher agreeableness and
lower conscientiousness
what is type a personality
- high in C
- high whote blood cells die to constant state of anger and hostility - inflammation
- Personality type that is hardworking,
scheduled, and impatien
how to manage anger/hostility
- stop
- think
- acknowledge
- express
High E and health
- sensation seeking; reckless driving and accidents become common therefore
- high impusivity
- Type T
What is the relationship b/w A and health
- more A people tend to garner more social support due to positive social opinion about the person thus they get more practical and emotional support
- this may contribute to longer and satisfied lives
- indirect finding tho
what are the 2 types of explanatory styles
- pessimistic
- optimistic
How could we inculcate a more optimistic approach?
optimism training
1. writw it out
2. practice - say out lud th optimistic explanations
3. repeat - replace the pessimistic exp with optimistic ones
