Self Flashcards
Self-concept
how you see yourself based on how others see us and own beliefs
Self-actualisation
achieving one’s full potential and what we can become
Self-esteem
how we value ourselves
Ideal self
how we would like to be
True (real) self
who we actually are
Self-image
how we see our selves
Congruence
ideal self and self-image are similar and self actualization is possible
Incongruence
ideal self and self-image are different and self actualization is difficult
Well adjusted personality
ideal self, self-image, true self, aligning
Maladjusted personality
ideal self, self-image and true self not aligning with self-concept
Conditions of worth
according to Rogers, expectations we place on ourselves for appropriate and inappropriate behavior
Conditional positive regard
there are conditions for someone to be accepted or loved
Unconditional positive regard
accepting and supporting someone no matter what they say or do
Stage 1: Trust vs. Mistrust
0-1; the most fundamental stage in life bc an infant is utterly dependent, TRUST VS. MISTRUST; no one develops 100%
Stage 2: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
1-3; early childhood - children developing AUTONOMY • TOILET TRAINING (food choices, toy preferences, & clothing) vital to process b/c learning to CONTROL BODY FUNCTIONS & CHOICE leads to a feeling of control & independence. • balance = will
Stage 3: Initiative vs. Guilt
3-5; preschool kids begin to ASSERT POWER & CONTROL over the world THROUGH PLAY & SOCIAL INTERACTIONS; CONFIDENT can lead others • balance = purpose
Stage 4: Industry vs. Inferiority
5-12 years Can I keep trying? Perseverance Capacity to work, to problem solve Teachers play a big role
Stage 5: Identity vs. Role Confusion
12-18 years Who am I? Family, friends, teachers, coaches, mentors Where do I fit in? What do I want to do? What do I believe? Answering these questions for yourself leads to knowing who you are
Psychodynamic
An approach used in psychology which explains behaviour in terms of the unconscious and events which happened during childhood
Biosocial theory
A theory which takes into account biological and social factors e.g. Eriksons 8 stage model
Crises/Conflict
This occurs at every stage of Erikson’s 8 stage model
Virtue
A virtue is gained from the conflict/crises resolution at each stage of Erikson’s model
Free-Will
Having control over one’s own behaviour.
Determinism
Behaviours we can’t control. They might be biologically determined, but could also be shaped by the society we live in or the people around us.
Baumister
Theorises about free-will, self-control and rational thinking.
