Self Flashcards
what is adolescence?
years? defintion? what changes (3)?
(11-18 yrs) one of the most rapid phases of human development (physiological, social and psychological changes)
what is self-concept?
description and evaluation of oneself/ individual’s belief about oneself (attributes, who & what the self is)
3 examples of general self-concept
academic, physical ability/ appearance, morals/ beliefs/ values/ religion, family/ peer relations social roles etc.
why is it important to understand ourselves? (2 ans)
- making informed choices
- know our strengths and weaknesses -> improve ourselves
why do adolescents search for personal identity through “intense exploration of personal values, beliefs and goals”?
provides sense of continuity/ self-sameness, sense of uniqueness
identity formation of adolescents (eRiK eRiKsOn)
what do they search for? what do they do to achieve what they are?
- unique identity
- explore diff possibilities and form strong attachments
how does identity formation link to idol worshipping? (eRiK eRiKsOn)
what are idols to teens?
idols become teens’ role models whom they learn from and develop the qualities they aspire to have
exploring diff identities (2 suggestions + 2 effects)
- try new things/ join diff ecas -> develop own passion and talents
- follow what peers do, be a member of a peer group-> fit in, learn from them
what happens if we fail to build identity? (+ 3 effects)
role confusion/ identity crisis -> lack of confidence, bad mental health, experiment unhealthy/ dangerous lifestyles
what is self image? what are some external examples whose evaluation affects our self image?
how see see ourselves and how we imagine other see ourselves. parental influences, friends, the media etc.
what is self esteem?
the extent to which we accept or approve of ourselves or how much we value ourselves (involves degree of evaluation)
what is self-efficacy?
the belief that one is competent
factors of high self-esteem (3 examples)
- have confidence in our abilities
- positive view of ourselves, optimistic
- think of ourselves highly
4. know our self-worth
5. not worried about what others think
6. have self-acceptance
factors of low self-esteem (3 examples)
- lack confidence
- negative view of ourselves, pessimistic
- think that we are worthless
4. worried about what others might think
5. want to be/ look like someone else
5 building blocks of self-esteem + sense of
S elfhood (sense of uniqueness)
C ompetence (sense of success/ accomplishment)
A fflilation (sense of belonging)
M ission (sense of purpose)
S ecurity (sense of security)
6 self esteem dbq factors
- social comparison
- family influence/ lack of family support
- mass media influence
- family background/ socio-economic status
- peer/ social acceptance
- lack achievements/ poor performance
development of new attachments of teens
move increasingly away from parents -> increasingly towards peers
why are teens easily influenced by peers?
peers contribute to sense of..?
they contribute to the sense of belonging/ affiliation and sense of self-worth of teens
common tactics used by peers to incite teens (2)
- threaten will lose grp membership
- tease them (takes advantage of their self-esteem)
linking identity and peer influence
think about how we build identity
membership in peer group -> explore diff identities/ fit in -> understand place in society
how is peer pressure created? how does this link to conformity? (what do they want to gain?)
peer groups create strong expectations for acceptable appearance and behaviour for peers to be “in group”. teens conform to peer pressure to gain peer acceptance
dealing with peer pressure (5)
- rejection with determination NOOOO NUH UH
- family’s pressure as reason for rejection
- divert attention
- leave the scene
- pointing out adverse effects/ consequences
what is mental well-being? [world health org] (4)
state of well-being which the individual
1. realises their own abilities
2. can cope with normal stresses of life
3. can work productively and fruitfully
4. is able to make a contribution to their community
why are adolescences emotionally susceptible during development periods, and how does mental well-being affect them?
turbulent period brought by changes in body and feelings -> emotionally susceptible
-mental well-being affects their ability to cope with challenges
5 stress dbq factors
- study workload/ academic stress
2. keen/ intense competition (constantly worried) - high parental expectations/ parental control (afraid cannot meet expectations)
- peer relationship/ interpersonal conflicts (x communication skills to cope with conflicts -> worried & anxious)
- future prospect (lack sense of competence)
what is stress?
-feeling of emotional & physical tension
-feeling overwhelmed or unable to cope unmanageable things
common symptoms of stress (physical x4, emotional x5)
physical
1. excessive sweating
2. increased heart rate
3. elevated blood pressure
4. rapid breathing
emotional
1. anxiety
2. fear
3. irritability
4. hopelessness
5. feeling overwhelmed
lack achievement lack sense of + suggestion + effect
- low confidence, low self image, low sense of competence
- join activities to explore potentials (eca etc) to build sense of competence because of strengths
peer/ social acceptance lack sense of + suggestion + effect
- low sense of belonging, thinks is worthless
- explore common interest with classmates or people outside
social comparison lack sense of + suggestion + effect
- uses others as benchmarks, low sense of success -> negative self worth
- develop self-recognition & self-acceptance: recognise improvement -> confident + positive self image
family support lack sense of + suggestion + effect
- lack sense of security, not worthy of being loved -> low self value
- share feelings -> build trusting & caring relationship -> feel secure & assured of self value
mass media influence lack sense of + suggestion + effect
- lack sense of uniqueness bc only follow the “perfect” standards -> low self worth
- be critical of portrayal in the media (may not be reliable & objective) -> assured of unique value
socio-economic background lack sense of + suggestion + effect
- lack sense of purpose bc think lack necessary resources to succeed -> lack confidence for bright future
- seek financial assistance from gov/ charities (e.g. subsidies for eca), pay more effort to studying -> feel more confident and optimistic about their life
study workload (sleep deprivation) effect
reduces rest time -> lacking time to relax -> stress builds up
keen/ intense competition effect
constantly worried
high parental expectations/ parental control reason, effects (2+2)
- high expectations -> children are afraid to fail expectations
- too much parental control -> little room for children to relax themselves
peer relationship/ interpersonal conflicts reason, effects
- differences in opinions -> intense argument
- no communications skills to cope with conflicts -> worried and anxious
future prospect elaboration + lack sense of ..?
- worried about whether or not they can achieve their dream career & life planning (esp if poor academic)
- lack sense of competence
