Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Zoology > Segmented worms - Annelids > Flashcards

Segmented worms - Annelids Flashcards

1
Q

The phylum Annelida refers to what kind of worms?

A

Segmented worms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is septa?

A

Thin membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

FITB: ______ divide earthworms into segments, more properly called metameres

A

Septa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

T/F: Segmented worms have repeated structures throughout the body

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Can there be differentiation in structure when it comes to segmented worms?

A

Yes, although most are fairly similar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

T/F: There is a lot of differentiation of between each individual segment

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What kind of symmetry do Annelids have?

A

Bilateral symmetry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

FITB: Annelids have _________ skeletons for movement & support

A

Hydrostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/F: Annelids are cephalized, but only internally

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

T/F: Annelids do not have a complete digestive tract

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What kind of body plan do Annelids have? (It’s a phrase)

A

“Tube-within-a-tube”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F: A gas exchange system can be found in segmented worms

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do Annelids differ from Nematodes body wise? (Hint: muscles)

A

Annelids have longitudinal and circular muscles in the body wall & the digestive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T/F: The presence of Longitudinal and circular muscles in Annelids allows for peristaltic movements of the gut and body to occur

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

FITB: Annelids have a more complex ___________ system than Nematodes

A

Excretory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the nephridium?

A

An organ that functions like a kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

T/F: There are paired nephridia in each metamere segment

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

T/F: Annelids have a true circulatory system that consists of a closed circuit of arteries, capillaries & veins

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the correct term for the body part ‘hearts’ in Annelids?

A

Aortic arches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

T/F: Annelids only have one aortic arch

A

False; they have multiple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the function of aortic arches?

A

To regulate blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

FITB: Pumping is done by the _________ _____ _______

A

Muscular Dorsal Vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is an example of a respiratory pigment seen in many species?

A

Hemoglobin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

T/F: Segmented worms have a respiratory system

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

T/F: Some types of marine and freshwater annelid forms have external respiratory structures (gills) that increase surface area for diffusion

A

False; Only marine forms have these structures which allow for increased surface areas for diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

FITB: Respiration in all annelids is by ________ across the ___________ between blood vessels and outer environment

A
  1. Diffusion
  2. Epithelium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

In the _________ system, annelids have a ________ nerve cord connected to a _________ located “brain” via two circumpharyngeal connectives

A
  1. Nervous
  2. Ventral
  3. Dorsally
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is a pharynx?

A

The gut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the more proper term to describe the brains of annelids?

A

Cerebral ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

T/F: Each metamere (segment) has a pair of fused ganglia

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are chlorogogue cells?

A

Modified cells of the peritoneum which covers the digestive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are the 2 main functions of chlorogogue cells?

A
  1. Converting waste products of protein metabolism into ammonia and or urea
  2. Synthesizing glycogen and fat from excess glucose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

FITB: Glycogen is a ________ energy-term storage substance that is carried out in your ________

A
  1. Medium
  2. Cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What are the 3 Annelid classes?

A
  1. Oligochaeta
  2. Polychaeta
  3. Hirudinea
35
Q

What are setae (aka “chaetae”)?

A

Bristle-like structures that protrude from the skin

36
Q

T/F: Setae can be short and rigid or hair-like and flexible

A

True

37
Q

What is an example of a species that is part of the Annelid Setae type?

A

Sea mouse

38
Q

Sea mice are part of which class of Annelids?
A. Oligochaeta
B. Polychaeta
C. Hirudinea

A

Polychaeta

39
Q

TOT & FITB: The Oligochaeta class has relatively few/lots of setae made of _______

A
  1. Few
  2. Chitin
40
Q

T/F: Setae can range to be small, stout or long and flexible

A

True

41
Q

FITB: Roughly half of the ~3,500 species of Oligochaetes are _________

A

Earthworms

42
Q

FITB: Other types of Oligochaetes are smaller, _______ species

A

Aquatic

43
Q

T/F: Some species of Oligochaetes can be microscopic in size

A

True

44
Q

The Earthworm digestive system mainly consists of what 6 body parts?

A
  1. Mouth
  2. Pharynx
  3. Esophagus
  4. Crop (for storage)
  5. Gizzard
  6. Gut
45
Q

Are Earthworms monoecious or dioecious?

A

Monoecious

46
Q

What kind of sexual reproduction occurs with Earthworms?

A

Cross-fertilization that involves sperm exchange

47
Q

FITB: The male reproductive part is called a _______ vesicle that is a storage place for sperm before copulation occurs

A

Seminal

48
Q

FITB: The female reproductive part is called a seminal __________ which is the place where sperm is stored after copulation occurs

A

Receptacle

49
Q

FITB: After fertilization occurs, an egg lays in a _______

A

Cocoon

50
Q

MC & FITB: Most Oligochaetes are…
A. Herbivores
B. Carnivores
C. Detritivores
that play a role in the recycling of _______ in the ecosystem

A
  1. C
  2. Nutrients
51
Q

T/F: All earthworms in our area are of native origin and do not reduce native plant diversity

A

False; they are exotic and they do reduce native plant diversity

52
Q

Detritivores eat what? (List 3 examples)

A
  1. Dead plants
  2. Leaves
  3. Organic matter
53
Q

FITB: The class Polychaeta are ______ annelids with many _______ of various forms

A
  1. Marine
  2. Setae
54
Q

What is meant when we say that Polychaeta are “errant species”?

A

They are wandering predators

55
Q

What are 2 examples of an errant specie?

A
  1. Sandworm
  2. Clamworm
56
Q

Why do predatory species have pronounced external cephalization?

A

Because they are wandering predators looking for prey

57
Q

FITB: Many other types of Polychaeta annelids are ______-dwelling filter or ________ feeders

A
  1. Tube
  2. Deposit
58
Q

MR: Nereis, a type of Polychaeta have what type of body structure that is used for gripping?

A

Parapodia

59
Q

T/F: Parapodia are paired, muscular extensions of each somite (segment) with setae that is used for locomotion or anchoring in a burrow

A

True

60
Q

TOT: Polychaeta are monoecious/dioecious

A

Dioecious

61
Q

T/F: Polychaeta have permanent gametes

A

False

62
Q

MC: What kind of development does Polychaeta have?
A. Direct
B. Indirect
C. Unobservable

A

B. Indirect

63
Q

What is the name of the larva that can swim?

A

The Trochophore larva

64
Q

FITB: Epitoky is a form of ____________

A

Reproduction

65
Q

T/F: Benthic worms can asexually bud off sexually mature individuals that can swim

A

True

66
Q

The class Hirudinea consists of what kind of Annelid specie?

A

Leeches

67
Q

What are is a very identifiable body part on a leech?

A
  1. Anterior sucker with mouth
68
Q

The posterior sucker on a leech serves for what 2 functions?

A
  1. Attachment
  2. Movement
69
Q

FITB: About 75% of species are _____________ (hint: fancy word for bloodsuckers) of vertebrates while the rest are predators of invertebrates

A

Ectoparasites

70
Q

What organism do leeches like to hunt?

A

Snails

71
Q

What are 2 things that leeches do not have in comparison to other annelids?

A
  1. Setae
  2. Internal septa
72
Q

T/F: The coelom of Hirudinea is very reduced, mostly connective and contains chlorogogue tissue instead

A

True

73
Q

T/F: The circulatory system in Hirudinea is not reduced

A

False

74
Q

T/F: Remnant coelom can form channels that act as vessels in leeches

A

True

75
Q

T/F: The digestive system is modified for fluid feeding in hematophagous species

A

True

76
Q

FITB: Hirudinea are _________ with ________ ___________

A
  1. Monoecious
  2. Direct development
77
Q

Does Hirudinea have a larval stage?

A

No

78
Q

T/F: There are 4-13 pairs of testes present in Hirudinea

A

False; 4-12 pairs of testes

79
Q

T/F: Hirudinea have a pair of ovaries present

A

True

80
Q

The “little packet of sperm” is known more commonly as what?

A

A spermatophore

81
Q

FITB: Sperm gets transferred into a a __________ by a ____ or by hypodermic _______________

A
  1. Spermatophore
  2. Penis
  3. Impregnation
82
Q

FITB: Hirudo medicinalis has historically been used for _____-_______, in the belief that this would cure disease

A

Blood-letting

83
Q

T/F: Leeches can aid in the process of relieving congestion in the vicinity of a wound

A

True

84
Q

T/F: There are such things known as leech farms that exist

A

True

Zoology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions