Jellyfish Flashcards
Jellyfish mostly exist in what type of habitat?
Marine
Jellyfish can also be found in __________ environments/habitats but in fewer cases
Freshwater
Jellyfish are mostly _____-______ animals
Shallow water
Cnidaria can exist in two forms; what are they?
- Solitary
- Colonial
Are jellyfish powerful swimmers?
No; they just drift through the tides and only expend energy to get closer to the surface
The phylum Cnidaria contains the most ________ members on the main line of evolution of the ___________ (hint: true, higher-level animal)
- Primitive
- Eumetazoans
Which type of Cnidaria is very important ecologically as a “keystone” species?
Stony corals
What type of symmetry do jellyfish have?
Radial
TOT: The mouth of a jellyfish is located at the oral end/aboral end?
Oral
The opposite side of a jellyfish is called oral/aboral?
Aboral
Cnidocytes are cells with stinging organelle called a ____________cyst
Neumato
What is the most unique feature of the phylum Cnidaria?
Nematocyst
What method do jellyfish use as predators to shock their prey?
Stinging - penetrating and envenomating them
Other types of of jellyfish capture prey by ___________ them
Entangling
Some jellyfish can stick to the _________, holding the animal in place
Substrate
Nematocysts are triggered automatically by ________ contact with prey
Physical
The sharp parts of a nematocyst is called what?
Barbs
Cnidaria have ______-________ level of organization
Cell tissue
True tissues include decentralized (no brain) ________ _______
Nerve net
jellyfish have bi_________ nerve cells
Directional
Radial symmetry means decentralized _______ system
Nervous
Nerve cells connect to muscular cells forming a coordinated neuro_______ system
Muscular
The basic structure includes a digestive sac with one opening (mouth/anus), thus it is a ___-way digestive system
Two
T/F: Cnidaria are diploblastic
True!
What are the two germ layers that jellyfish have?
- Ectoderm (“outer skin”)
- Endoderm (“inner skin”)
What are some other basic structures of jellyfish?
- Outer epidermis
- Inner digestive cavity (inner gastrodermis)
- Non-cellular jelly-like mesoglea
- Inner cavity (gastrovascular cavity)
T/F: Cnidaria are not dimorphic
False!
The two forms of jellyfish are what?
- Polyp - sessile, “hydroid” form
- Medusa - mobile “jellyfish” form
The two main types of reproduction are?
- Asexual reproduction
- Sexual reproduction
T/F: Polyp perform asexual reproduction
True!
T/F: Medusa perform asexual and sexual reproduction
False; Medusa only perform sexual reproduction
Why are there 2 forms of reproduction?
- Finding mates
- Accumulating nutrients
T/F: Sea anemones and corals have only polyp forms
True
What are the 4 main classes of the Cnidaria?
- Hydro____
- Scypho___
- Cubo____
- Antho___
The Hydrozoa class are mostly _______, colonial animals, like _______
- Marine
- Obelia
T/F: Hydra are not atypical
False; they are
T/F: Hydra are found in _______ habitats, in polyp/medusa form only
- Freshwater
- Polyp
T/F: Hydra do both sexual and asexual reproduction
True
T/F: Sexual reproduction occurs in the fall
True
