Sedatives

Question 1

Morphine

Answer 1

Pure agonist on both Kappa and Mu

Question 2

Buprenorphine

Answer 2

Agonist on Kappa, partial agonist on Mu

Question 3

Butorphanol

Answer 3

Kappa agonist, Mu antagonist

Question 4

What happens if you give morphine and butorphanol?

Answer 4

Sedation will go down - morphine is mu agonist, butorphanol is mu antagonist

Question 5

What is a short lasting alpha 2 agonist sedative?

Answer 5

Xylasine

Question 6

What are moderate lasting alpha 2 agonist sedatives?

Answer 6

Detomidine

Romifidine

Question 7

What are long lasting alpha 2 agonist sedatives?

Answer 7

Medetomidine

Dexmedetomidine

Question 8

Side effects of alpha 2 agonist

Answer 8

Vasoconstriction (if a patient is bleeding out, do NOT use these drugs)

Hypoperfusion (worst if hypovolemia)

Question 9

What receptor do dexmetetomidine and medetomidine block?

Answer 9

Insulin

Question 10

What are two reversal agents?

Answer 10

Yohibine (Xylazine)

Atipamazole (Dexmedetomidine)

Question 11

How should you never administer reversal agents?

Answer 11

IV

The vasoconstricted vessels will vasodilation so fast that the blood pressure will drop and can lead to death

Question 12

What is a side effect of acepromazine?

Answer 12

Vasodilation

Drops blood pressure

Question 13

Acepromazine side effects are worse in patients with ____ blood protein

Answer 13

Low

Question 14

How is ace metabolized?

Answer 14

Liver

Question 15

What is better absorbed when given IM?

Lipossoluble or hydrosoluble?

Answer 15

Hydrosoluble (midazolam)

Question 16

When given IV, hydrosoluble and lipossoluble drugs work ____

Answer 16

The same

Question 17

What’s the reversal of diazepam?

Answer 17

Flumazenil