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Pharm Exam 3 > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

Sialogagues

A

Promote salivation

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2
Q

Anti-sialagues

A

Atropine

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3
Q

Demulcents

A

Lubricate, soothe, protect

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4
Q

Carminatives

A

reduce gas production and promote eructation, flatulence

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5
Q

Histamine (H2) inhibitors

A

Ranitidine (Zantac)

Famotidine (Pepcid)

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6
Q

H:K ATPase inhibitors

A

Omeprazole (Prilosec)
Pantoprazole (Protonix)
Lansoprazole (Prevacid)

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7
Q

Coating Agents

A

Sucralfate (Carafate)

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8
Q

Prokinetic agents

A

Cisapride

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9
Q

What is a dopamine (D2) agonist that induces vomiting?

A

Apomorphine

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10
Q

What is an adrenergic (a2) agonist that induces vomiting?

A

Xylazine

Dexmedetomidine

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11
Q

What is an irritant that induces vomiting?

A

Hydrogen peroxide

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12
Q

What anti-emetics are histamine (H1) inhibitors?

A

Diphenhydramine (Benedryl)

Promethazine (Phenergan)

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13
Q

What antiemetics are adrenergic (a2) antagonists?

A

Prochlorperazine (Compazine, Darbazine)

Acepromazine

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14
Q

What antiemetics are neurokinin (NK1) antagonists?

A

Maropitant (Cirenia)

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15
Q

What antiemetic is an irritant?

A

Ginger

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16
Q

What antiemetics are dopamine (D2, also 5HT3) antagonist?

A

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

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17
Q

What antiemetic is a seratonin (5HT3) antagonist?

A

Ondansetron (Zofran)

18
Q

What prokinetic drugs are mixed 5HT3 antagonists/5HT4 agonists?

A

Metoclopramide, Cisapride (Propulsid)

19
Q

What prokinetic drug is a motilin agonist?

A

Erythromycin

20
Q

What prokinetic drug is an anticholinesterase?

A

Ranitidine

21
Q

What anti-diarrheal drugs are opiod receptor agonists?

A

Diphenoxylate

Loperamide

22
Q

What inhibitor of small intestinal secretion is a prostaglandin and cAMP inhibitor?

A

Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-bismol)

23
Q

What anti-diarrheal drugs are absorbents?

A 
Kaolin
Attapulgite (Endosorb)
Dioctahedral smectite (Biosponge)
Activated charchol
24
Q

What antibiotics can be used prophylactically in the upper small intestine?

A

Gram positive
Gram negative
(Tetracycline, metronidazole, tylosin)

25
Q

What antibiotics can be used prophylactically in the lower intestine?

A

Gram negative

Enrofloxacin, metronidazole, tylosin

26
Q

What are two examples of probiotics?

A 
Enterococcus faecium (Fortiflora)
Bifidobacterium animalis (Prostora Max)
27
Q

What prebiotics are oligosaccharides?

A

FOS

soy

28
Q

What prebiotics are polysaccharides in soluble fiber?

A

Pectins

gums

29
Q

What prebiotic is mixed soluble and insoluble fibers?

A

Beet pulp

30
Q

Corticosteroids (Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppresive drugs)

A

Predisolone/predisone
Dexamethasone
Budesonide

31
Q

Purine & pyrimidine analogs/Alkylating agests (Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppresive drugs)

A

Azathioprine

Chlorambucil

32
Q

Other immunosuppressive agents

A

Cyclosporine
Metronidazole
Antibodies?

33
Q

Aminosalicylates (Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppresive drugs)

A

Sulfasalazine

Bismuth Subsalicylate

34
Q

n3 fatty acids (Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppresive drugs)

A

fish oil

35
Q

Osmotic agents (Laxatives)

A 
Magnesium sulfate
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
36
Q

Bulk forming +/- osmotic agents

(Laxatives)

A

Insoluble and soluble fiber: psyllium, pumpkin

Indigestible sugars: lactulose

37
Q

Lubricants (Laxatives)

A

mineral oil

petrolatum

38
Q

Emolients (Laxatives and Purgatives)

A

dioctyl sodium succinate

39
Q

What is used to treat Dipylidium (tapeworms)?

A

Praziquantel

40
Q

What is used to treat Giardia?

A

Fenbendazole
Febantel
Metronidazole

41
Q

What is used to treat hookworms, roundworms, and whipworms?

A 
Piperazine
Fenbendazole
Febantel
Moxidectin
Milbemycin
Emodepside
42
Q

Appetite stimulants

A

Mirtazipine

Pharm Exam 3 (6 decks)

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