Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MOHD IV > sedative-hypnotic meds > Flashcards

sedative-hypnotic meds Flashcards

1
Q

lorazepam-ativan

A 
benzo
peak 1-6 hours
elimination time 10-18 hours
tx
-insomnia
-anxiety
-muscle relaxant
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

midazolam-versed

A

peak 0.2 to 1 hour
elimination ultra short 2-5 hours
tx
-pre anesthetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

alprazolam-xanax

A 
peak 1-2 hours
elimination short 12-15 hours
tx
-insomnia
-anxiety
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

non benzos

A

zolpidem-ambien
zaleplon-sonota
eszopiclone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

other anxiolytics

A

buspirone

doxepin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

other hypnotics

A

ramelteon
diphenydramine
doxylamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

phenobarbital

A 
barbiturate
long onset 1-3 hours
long elimination 80-120 hours
tx
-anticonvulsant
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

pentobarbital

A 
barbiturate 
onset short to intermediate 0.5 to 1 hour
intermediate elimination 15-50 hours
tx
-preoperative sedation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

amobarbital

A 
barbiturate
onset ultra short/immediate
elimination short 10 hours
tx
preoperative sedation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

thiopental

A 
barbiturate
onset ultra short/immediate
elimination ultra short 3-10 hours
tx
anesthetic induction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

flumazenil

A

competitive antagonist of BZD receptor
benzo OD reversal agent
same day surgeries
doest antagonize other CNS/GABA depressants
duration of action shorter than benzo so multiple doses required

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

buspirone

A

partial agonist 5HT1a receptor
mainly anxiolytic
1/2 life 2 hours-> take a week for efficacy
doesn’t potentiate sedative-hypnotic effect of CNS depressants
little risk of tolerance/dependance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

doxepin

A

antidrepressant

anxiolytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

ramelteon

A

melatonin Mt1 and Mt2 agonist in suprachiastmatic nucleus
not CNS depressant, no anxiolytic
take 30 min before bed
little risk of tolerance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sedative-hypnotic AE

A 
drosiness
impaired motor
impaired judgement
anterograde amnesia
lightheadness
ataxia
nausea
vertigo
incontinence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

desflurane

A 
volatile anesthetic
MAC 6.6
lowest blood gas Coeff
pungent smell
-airway irritation
--bronchospasm and laryngospasm
decreased cerebral metablosism
decreased HR, PVR, myocardial function, tidal volume
AE N/V, malignant hyperthermia
17
Q

isoflurane

A 
volatile anesthetic
MAC 1.17
highest oil gas coeff
pungent
- airway irritation 
--bronchospasm and laryngospasm
decreased cerebral metabolism
decreased HR, PVR, myocardial function, tidal volume
AE N/V, malignant hyperthermia
18
Q

nitrous oxide

A

volatile anesthetic
MAC 104, use high percentages, hyperbaric
decreased cerebral metabolism
decreased HR, PVR, tidal volume
AE N/V, diffusion expansion into airspace, neurotoxic in developing brain

19
Q

sevoflurane

A 
volatile anesthetic
MAC 1.8
rotten banana smell
decreased cerebral metabolism
decreased HR, PVR, myocardial function, tidal volume
AE N/V, malignant hypertension
20
Q

propofol

A

IV anesthetic
emulsion (soybean oil, glycerol, egg lecithin)
px during injection (use lido)
rapid onset, short duration, low hangover
rapid hepatic metabolism (infusion)
hypotension and profound decreased resp

21
Q

sodium pentothal

A

barbiturate
not in US anymore
rapid onset, short duration
long elimination (no infusion)
decreased cerebral metabolism -> decreased ICP
hypotension, tachycardia, upper airway obstruction and apnea

22
Q

etomidate

A 
iv anesthetic
pain on injection
rapid onset and rapid redistribution
most cardiostable IV induction
ventilation less affected
30-60% myoclonus
adrenocortical suppression
23
Q

ketamine

A

NMDA receptor antagonist
dissociative anesthetic
distribution 1/2 life 10-15 minutes
minimal resp depression
indirect sympathetic stimulation (increased BP)
AE sialorrhea, hallucinations, nightmares, delerium (mollified by benzo)

24
Q

midazolam (less so lorazepam and diazepam)

A 
benzos
premedication and procedural sedation
amnesia, anxiolytic
potent resp depression
antagonized by flumazenil
25
Q

balanced anesthetic technique

A

anesthetic
opioid
muscle relaxant
pharm based hemodynamic support

26
Q

diazepam- valium

A 
benzo
peak 1-2 hours
long elimination time 30-60 hours
tx
-anxiety
-withdrawal
-muscle relaxant

MOHD IV (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions