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farmacologie > Sedative-Hipnotice > Flashcards

Sedative-Hipnotice Flashcards

1
Q

Substante folosite doar ca hipnotice

A

Glutetimida

Zolpidem

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2
Q

Metabolizare prin oxidare microzomiala+glucuronoconjug

A

Diazepam, medazepam, clorazepatul

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3
Q

Metabolizare cu glucuronoconjug directa

A

Oxazepam, lorazepam

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4
Q

Benzodiazepine utilizate ca sedativ-hipnotice

A

Nitrazepam 5-10 mg la culcare
Flurazepamul 15-30 mg la culcare
Flunitrazepamul 1-2 mg la culcare
Triazolamul 0.25-1 mg la culcare

Preferate ca hipnotice deoarece reduc mai putin somnul paradoxal
Durata medie de actiune

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5
Q

Absorbtia barbituricelor

A

Compusii cu durata scurta de actiune - ciclobarbital+amobarbital - se absorb bine

Compusii cu durata lunga - fenobarbital - se absorb mai greu

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6
Q

Barbiturice cu durata lunga de actiune

A

Barbital, fenobarbital

Pentru fenobarbital:
Hipnotic -100mg la culcare
Sedativ - 15-30mg de 2-3 ori pe zi

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7
Q

Barbiturice cu durata medie de actiune

A

Amobarbital, ciclobarbital

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8
Q

Barbiturice cu durata scurta

A

Pentobarbital

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9
Q

Analeptice - tratament intoxicatie cu barbiturice?

A

Pentetrazol
Nicetamida
Bemegrida

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10
Q

Hidroxizina

A

Sedativ, anxiolitic, antiemetic, antihistaminic
Efect 6-8h
50-100mg oral
In dermatologie

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11
Q

Zolpidem

A 
Imidazopiridinic
5-10mg la culcare - hipnotic
Actiune asemanatoare cu BZDP (pe BZ1 sau omega)
Toleranta buna, risc mic de dependenta
Doar hipnotic
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12
Q

Zopiclona

A

Ciclopirolona
7.5 g sau 1/2 varstnici sau hepatici
Asemanator bzdp
Hipnotic, sedativ, anxiolitic, miorelaxant si anticonvulsivant

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13
Q

Zaleplon

A

Pirazol-pieimidinic
Diferit structural, dar act pe BZ1 sau omega

Doar in cazuri de insomnie severa, invalidanta
Tratament maxim 2 sapt
Metabolizat prin aldehid-oxidaza hepatica

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14
Q

Bromizoval

A

Ureida acidului bromozovalerianic

Sedativ, hipnotic, actiune slaba

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15
Q

Mecanism de actiune alcool

A 
Interferare NMDA- glutamatergic
GABA-Cl hiperpolarizare
Opioizi
Serotoninergici (HT 2 si 3)
Canabinoizi
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16
Q

Tratament intoxicatie cronica alcool

A

Disulfiram, Naltrexona, Tiaprida

17
Q

Tratament intoxicatie cu alcool metilic

A

Admin 50g alcool etilic, dupa care

Perfuzie/ingestie 10-12g alcool etilic/ora timp de 7-8 ore minim

farmacologie (9 decks)

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