Neuroleptice Flashcards

1
Q

Receptori dopaminergici cuplati cu Gs

A

D1 si D5

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2
Q

Receptori dopaminergici cuplati cu Gi

A

D2, D3, D4

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3
Q

Tipuri si subtipuri de receptori serotoninergici

A

5HT-1-7

5HT1-subtipuri A-F, sare peste C care este dupa structura 5HT2-C
5HT2- subtipuri A-C

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4
Q

Tipuri de receptori serotoninergici in functie de mec de actiune

A

5HT1 - cu Gi
5HT2- cu Gq
5HT4-7 cu Gs
5HT3- canale ionice pentru Na, K, Ca

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5
Q

Antipsihotic de a 3 a alegere

A

Olanzapina

Risc de obezitate si dislipidemie

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6
Q

Antipsihotic de a 4 a alegere

A

Clozapina

Risc de agranulocitoza
Totusi, foarte eficace in caz de esec terapeutic cu altele

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7
Q

Structura fenotiazine

A

Structura triciclica din:
2 nuclee fenolice unite printr un atom de S si unul de N
La atomul de N din poz 10: radical - alifatic, piperidinic, piperazinic
La unul din nuclee fenolice in poz 2: radical avid care creste eficienta

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8
Q

Tipuri de fenotiazine si exemple

A

Fenotiazine cat lat propilaminica (alifatica) - Clorpromazina, Levomepromazina = sedative, potenta mica

Fenotiazine cu cat lat piperidinica - tioridazina = sedativ, potenta medie, anxiolitic

Fenotiazine cu cat lat piperazinica - trifluoperazina, flufenazina* = incisive, potenta mare, efect slab

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9
Q

Structura tioxantinice

A

Triciclic, 2 nuclee fenolice unite printr un atom de S si unul de C

At de C din pozitia 10 leaga o catena lat prin dubla legatura
La at de C din pozitia 2 se leaga un radical avid de electroni, care ii creste efectul

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10
Q

Tipuri de tioxantine

A

Cu catena alifatica - Clorprotixenul = sedativ, potenta mica

Cu catena piperazinica - Clopentixol si Flupentixol* = inciziv, potenta mare, efecte semnificative

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11
Q

Butirfenonice

A

Haloperidol - incisiv, potenta mare, foarte activ ca antipsihotic, prop sedative relativ slabe, fen extrapiramidale frecvente

Sulpirida - str aminoetilbenzamida, blocant selectiv D2, incisiv, potenta asemanatoare clorpromazinei

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12
Q

Ziprasidona

A

Bloc D2, 5HT 2A+2C+1D
Agonist 5HT1A
SNRI

Afinitate pentru H1 si alfa1 moderata, M1 neglijabila

Eficace ca antipsihotic, frecv mica EPS

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13
Q

Risperidona

A

Bloc D2 si 5HT2
Cu afinitate mai mica pt alfa1, H1 si alfa2, neglijabil colinergic

Antipsihotic eficace cu prop antiagresive

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14
Q

Olanzapina

A

Bloc D1-5, 5HT2A+C, 5HT3, 5HT6, M1-5, alfa1 si H1

Efect antipsihotic, antimaniacal, stabilizator al dispozitiei
RA: somnolenta, crestere apetit, crestere in greutate, hiperlipidemie - prin bloc H1

A 3-a alegere

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15
Q

Clozapina

A

Bloc toti D1-5 dar afinitate mare pt D4, rec 5HT, alfa1, M1-5, histaminergici

RA: agranulocitoza 1% -> a 4 a alegere

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16
Q

Quetiapina

A

Metabolit: norquetiapina
Bloc D1-2, 5HT2+1A, alfa 1+2, Histaminergici
NRI

Antipsihotic, antimaniacal, stabilizator al dispozitiei, adjuvant in depresie

Leucopenie pe langa celelalte

17
Q

Aripiprazol

A

Bloc D2-3, 5HT1A+2A
Moderat D4, 5HT2C si 5HT7, alfa1 si H1, SRI
Agonist* partial D2 si 5HT1A - activ intrinseca 25%
Antagonist 5HT2A

Antipsihotic, tulb bipolare
RA: acatisie si greata