Secularisation Flashcards

1
Q

Comte

A

Religion will eventually disappear and science will dominate

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2
Q

Stats for secularisation (2)

A

Beliefs in ‘personal God’ halved between 1961-2000

Atheist grown from 31% to 51% in 2009

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3
Q

Stats against secularisation

A

53% believe in afterlife

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4
Q

Wilson- participation and belief (3)

A

Definition- how many ppl attend place of worship and hold religious beliefs
Evidence for secularisation- decline in church attendance
Evidence against secularisation- ‘sacred self’

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5
Q

Wilson- religious disengagement (3)

A

Definition- separation of church from state
Evidence for secularisation- same-sex marriage
Evidence against secularisation- fundamentalist Islamic states (ISIS)

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6
Q

Wilson- religious pluralism (3)

A

Definition- competing religions- claim monopoly of truth
Evidence for secularisation- crisis of meaning, traditional beliefs declining
Evidence against secularisation- Davie- ppl practice in a more personal way, believing w/out belonging

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7
Q

Wilson- desacralisation and rationalisation (3)

A

Definition- religious beliefs become less important and science beliefs prevail
Evidence for secularisation- disenchantment of the world
Evidence against secularisation- religious resurgence, NAMs

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8
Q

Wilson- secularisation of religious institutions (3)

A

Definition- churches moved from purely spiritual to more community based centres
Evidence for secularisation- Bruce- watered-down beliefs
Evidence against secularisation- fundamentalist groups

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9
Q

Evaluating Wilson’s measures (3)

A

Hard to operationalise religiosity :(
Substantive definition- some evidence for decline :(
Functional definition- wider range (NAMs) so growth :)

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10
Q

Contemporary views on secularisation debate (Davie) (2)

A

Davie- belief without belonging: believe in religion but don’t belong to an organisation
Davie- vicarious religion: minority are religious on behalf of a silent majority who appreciate their efforts

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11
Q

Heelas and Woodhead- Kendal project and spiritual revolution thesis
Definitions (2)

A

Secularisation theorists- decline in trad Christianity

Sacralisation theorists- growth in new age spirituality

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12
Q

Heelas and Woodhead- Kendal project and spiritual revolution thesis
Methodology (3)

A

Had to filter out certain groups- some yoga groups did not see it as spiritual
Kendal- m/c white older people- not very representative
Compared ‘congregational domain’ (churches) and ‘holistic milieu’ (cults)

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13
Q

Heelas and Woodhead- Kendal project and spiritual revolution thesis
Results (2)

A

Attendance at churches- 8% of Kendal pop.

Holistic milieu showed strong growth- 95 practitioners in 2000 compared to 3 in 1970s

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14
Q

Heelas and Woodhead- Kendal project and spiritual revolution thesis
Conclusion (2)

A

‘The spiritual revolution clearly has not taken place in Kendal’
If trends continue the revolution will take place in 20-30 years

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15
Q

Kendal project and the secularisation debate (2)

A

Suggest NAMs cannot be dismissed as easily as some theorists argue- evidence against secularisation as religion is still being explored but in less traditional forms

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16
Q

Spiritual revolution thesis

A

There’s a spiritual revolution occurring- a significant growth in NAMs

17
Q

Sacralisation theorists…

A

…argue that there is a growth in New Age spirituality

18
Q

Glock and Starck’s 5 core dimensions of religiosity

BPEKC

A

Belief- religious person will accept beliefs of a religion e.g. life after death, Davie- people believe without belonging, sec isn’t occurring
Practice- religious person will put commitment into practice e.g. pray, attending church seems to be in decline but not in all religions e.g. Islam
Experience- religious person will feel they have a direct experience with a supernatural force e.g. God, difficult to measure as relies on info from people
Knowledge- religious person has understanding of their religion’s origin e.g. Adam & Eve
Consequences- religious persons behaviour will be affected, they act and think differently