Section X: The Immune System Flashcards
Chapter 54 Antigens and Innate Immunity
Which of the following statements is correct in regard to macrophages?
a. They are the first type of cells to appear in circulation and can repeatedly phagocytose in response to invasion by
microbial antigens.
b. They secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines that prevent fever.
c. They have class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
antigens, and selected macrophages also have class II MHC antigens and thus can serve as antigen-presenting cells.
d. They have no ability to secrete proteins.
e. They are actually lymphocytes
C
Which of the following is correct about neutrophils?
a. They can rapidly destroy antigen by phagocytosis, respiratory burst, and NETosis.
b. They are lymphocytes that are the first cells to destroy antigens.
c. They are major producers of IL-1.
d. They are efficient antigen-processing cells.
e. All the above.
A
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) include which of the following?
a. Dendritic cells
b. Selected macrophages
c. B cells
d. T cells
e. Answers a, b, and c
E
Which of the following is correct with regard to antigen?
a. Highly degradable proteins and large, inert substances are not good antigens (i.e., not able to induce a strong immune
response).
b. Large molecules are good antigens, and therefore large molecules such as polysaccharides, with simple repeating
sugars, are good antigens.
c. Large complex proteins (especially foreign antigens) are good at inducing immune responses.
d. Antigens do not drive an immune response.
e. Lipids, but not lipoproteins, are excellent antigens.
C
Chapter 55 The Specific Immune Response:
Acquired Immunity
On their surface, T cells have:
a. T-cell antigen receptor
b. CD3 molecules
c. CD4 or CD8
d. CD28 molecules
e. All the above
E
Which of the following statements is correct with regard to CD4+ T cells?
a. They are regarded as a suppressor/cytotoxic type of T cell.
b. CD4 molecule on T cells is a receptor for class I molecules on antigen-presenting cells.
c. They provide help to T, B, and NK cells and to macrophages by secreting critical cytokines such as IL-2.
d. CD4 molecules recognize CD8.
e. CD4 molecules bind to class I MHC.
C
Which of the following is correct concerning cytotoxic cells?
a. Viral-infected target cells undergo necrotic cell death by
cytotoxic cells.
b. Cytotoxic cells release granzymes (through holes “drilled” by perforin) into target cells.
c. Cytotoxic cells express CD4 molecules but lack TCR.
d. Cytotoxic cells do not secrete interferon-γ and are not T cells
C
Cytotoxic T cells can kill their target cells through:
a. Perforins and granzymes
b. Phagocytosis
c. Respiratory burst
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
A
A simple antibody molecule consists of:
a. One heavy chain and one light chain.
b. Two heavy chains and two light chains bound by peptide bonds.
c. Two heavy chains and two light chains bound by dipeptide bonds.
d. Two heavy chains and two light chains bound by disulfide bonds.
D
Which of the following is correct regarding primary and secondary antibody response?
a. Primary response has a short lag phase, rapid exponential phase, short steady/peak phase, and slow decline.
b. Secondary response has a long lag phase, slow exponential phase, short steady/peak phase, and slow decline.
c. Primary response has a long lag phase, slow exponential phase, short steady/peak phase, and rapid decline.
d. Secondary response has a short lag phase, slow exponential phase, long steady phase, and slow decline
C
