Section Quiz: CH 4 and 5 Flashcards
Which of these statements describes the relationship between infant age and sleep?
As age increases, infant sleep decreases.
According to Piaget, the first sign of intelligence is
mental representations
Infants can roll over using their torso before than can grab with their whole hand and grasp with their whole hand before then can pick up small objects using just their thumb and a finger. This illustrates _____ principle.
proximodistal
Aubrey and Mason are both 4 months old. Aubrey lives in a multilingual household hearing English, French, and Arabic. Mason lives in a household where only English is spoken. Based on this information, one can expect that at 1 year:
Aubrey can perceive differences among English, French, and Arabic language sounds.
Ari’s innate taste preferences would lead him to prefer which of these baby foods?
Bananas
Emma was raised in a culture where parents gave explicit instructions on how to do things, from tying shoelaces to playing hide and seek. Jamie was raised in a culture in which caregivers demonstrated skills and children learned through observation. If these children switched cultures, how would their learning be impacted?
Both might have challenges with learning.
The speed of babies’ word learning:
differs greatly from one infant to another.
Brain development is influenced by
genetic and environmental factors
Baby Ethan’s favorite toy is crayons. When his caregivers take him to child care, there are many objects, including plush animals, soft blocks, floor mats, large crayons, and finger paints. Which one of those is he MOST likely to look at the longest?
The finger paints
Braxton insists that only the family dog is called doggie. Braxton has:
underextended the word doggie.
Most developmentalists align with a view of linguistic development that is:
similar to emergentist
o determine what babies remember, parents can test for
habituation
Each of these is a type of core knowledge EXCEPT
chemistry
Aria’s parents are going out and have a babysitter come over to babysit their toddler. When the babysitter enters the house, the child immediately clings to the parent but eventually moves closer to the babysitter with less fear. In this scenario, the parent is used as a
secure base
Researchers have found that U.S. parents, on average, prefer their babies to be _____ and _____
outgoing; energetic
For personality researchers, effortful control is the ability to:
focus attention and control behavior.
What are the first two emotions babies will experience?
Distress and contentment
Babies born in the United States are MOST likely to be:
outgoing
In the Strange Situation procedure, a child who appears to be upset when the caregiver leaves the room but reacts with mixed or angry feelings and is difficult to calm displays _____ attachment.
insecure-resistant
ome researchers suggest that babies are born with the basic tendency to be:
kind
For personality researchers, the term _____ refers to how strongly babies display their negative feelings.
negative affect
In a study conducted in a rural area in Botswana and an urban area of Holland, proximal parenting and distal parenting were compared. The study found that in families that used proximal parenting, the children cried
half as much
A critical part of empathy is the ability to sense:
what others are feeling.
People often teach their children to develop behaviors that are helpful or caring toward someone else. What type of behavior are these caregivers promoting?
Prosocial
Six- to 8-month-old babies may show prosocial behaviors by doing all of these EXCEPT:
giving their clothes to needy children.
