Section Five - Sport Physchology

Question 1

What is the definition of skill?

Answer 1

A learned ability to bring about the result you want with confidence and minimum affort

Question 2

What is an open skill?

Answer 2

performed in a changing environment where the performer has react to external factors.

Question 3

What is a closed skill?

Answer 3

A skill that is always performed in the same stable enviroment

Question 4

What is a basic skill?

Answer 4

One that doesn’t require too much concentration

Question 5

What is a complex skill?

Answer 5

One that requires a lot of concentration

Question 6

How to mentally prepare for a skill

Answer 6

• mental rehearsal
• pre event practice
• deep breathing

Question 7

How does goal setting help in training?

Answer 7

Motivation and confidence boosting

Question 8

What does SMART goal setting stand for?

Answer 8

Specific
measurable
achievable
realistic
time

Question 9

What are the different types of guidance/

Answer 9

verbal
visual
manual
mechanical

Question 10

What are the + and - of verbal guidance?

Answer 10

POSITIVE
-can be combined with other feedback
-for experienced performers who can understand technical language
-can give guidance during a performance
DISADVANTAGES
-Less useful for high organisational skills(too difficult to explain)
-Would be confusing for a beginner

Question 11

What are the + and - of visual guidance?

Answer 11

ADVANTAGES
-good for beginners as they can copy the skill
-Can be used to teach low organisational skills(can be shown step by step)
DISADVANTAGES
-harder to teach complex skills which are too difficult to copy

Question 12

What are the + and - of manual guidance

Answer 12

ADVANTAGES
-helps you get the feel or muscle memory of a new skill
-works well with all skill levels
DISADVANTGES
-performer could start to rely on it and not be able to do it on their own
-difficult to use with big groups of learners

Question 13

What are the + and - of mechanical guidance (using sport equipment)

Answer 13

ADVANTAGES
-good for teaching beginners potentially dangerous skills in a safe environment
-good for teaching complex skills
DISADVANTAGES
-A learner may unable to perform the skill without the equipment
-Difficult to use with large groups

Question 14

What is intrinsic feedback?

Answer 14

Feedback you gain from yourself on how it felt-good for experienced performers

Question 15

What is extrinsic feedback?

Answer 15

Feed back you gain from someone else telling you what happened and how to improve-useful for beginners because the don’t know what is right

Question 16

What is the difference between performance goals and outcome goals?

Answer 16

PERFORMANCE goals are personal standards to be achieved. The performer compared their performance against what they have already achieved.
OUTCOME goals focus on the end result like winning gold

Question 17

What is gross skill?

Answer 17

Skills which involve big movements and large muscle groups

Question 18

What are fine skills?

Answer 18

Small precise movements involving small muscle groups

Question 19

What is the basic information processing diagram?

Answer 19

How you interpret information

Input>decision making>output>feedback

Question 20

What are the different types of guidance?

Answer 20

• visual
• verbal-
• mechanical
• manual (someone helping u)

Question 21

What types of guidance would be better for a beginner?

why?

Answer 21

• visual
• manual
• mechanical

-for confidence, a picture of what the skill looks like

Question 22

What types of guidance would be better for an expert?

Answer 22

-verbal

Question 23

What is the definition of arousal?

Answer 23

a physical or mental state of alertness/readiness`

Question 24

What is the inverted U-theory?

Answer 24

The theory that as arousal increases, so does performance until the middle stage where it starts to decline again .
x=arousal
y=performance

Question 25

What stress management techniques can be used to control arousal?

Answer 25

deep breathing
mental rehearsal/visualisation/imagery
positive self talk.

Question 26

What is direct aggression?

Answer 26

When physical contact between performers is used in aggression to deliberately harm the opponent.

e. g
- a high, forceful rugby tackle
- a footballer pulling another performer down
- a boxer punching below the belt

Question 27

What is indirect aggression?

Answer 27

Doesn’t involve physical contact between performers. its an aggressive act which is aimed at the performer to gain an advantage.

• smashing badminton shuttle excessively hard
• kicking the football hard after opposing team has scored

Question 28

What are the characteristics of an introvert?

Answer 28

shy/quiet
thoughtful
enjoy being on their own/loner

Question 29

What are the characteristics of an extrovert?

Answer 29

enjoy interaction with others/sociable/aroused by others
enthusiastic/talkative
prone to boredom when isolated/by themselves.

Question 30

What type of sports do introverts typically play?

Answer 30

Tend to play individual sports when:
concentration/precision (fine skill) is required
low arousal is required.

e.g golf, archery

Question 31

What type of sports do extroverts typically play?

Answer 31

Tend to play team sports when:
there is a fast pace
concentration may need to be low
gross skills are used.
e.g rugby, football, doubles badminton