Section Five - Sport Physchology Flashcards
What is the definition of skill?
A learned ability to bring about the result you want with confidence and minimum affort
What is an open skill?
performed in a changing environment where the performer has react to external factors.
What is a closed skill?
A skill that is always performed in the same stable enviroment
What is a basic skill?
One that doesn’t require too much concentration
What is a complex skill?
One that requires a lot of concentration
How to mentally prepare for a skill
- mental rehearsal
- pre event practice
- deep breathing
How does goal setting help in training?
Motivation and confidence boosting
What does SMART goal setting stand for?
Specific measurable achievable realistic time
What are the different types of guidance/
verbal
visual
manual
mechanical
What are the + and - of verbal guidance?
POSITIVE
-can be combined with other feedback
-for experienced performers who can understand technical language
-can give guidance during a performance
DISADVANTAGES
-Less useful for high organisational skills(too difficult to explain)
-Would be confusing for a beginner
What are the + and - of visual guidance?
ADVANTAGES
-good for beginners as they can copy the skill
-Can be used to teach low organisational skills(can be shown step by step)
DISADVANTAGES
-harder to teach complex skills which are too difficult to copy
What are the + and - of manual guidance
ADVANTAGES
-helps you get the feel or muscle memory of a new skill
-works well with all skill levels
DISADVANTGES
-performer could start to rely on it and not be able to do it on their own
-difficult to use with big groups of learners
What are the + and - of mechanical guidance (using sport equipment)
ADVANTAGES
-good for teaching beginners potentially dangerous skills in a safe environment
-good for teaching complex skills
DISADVANTAGES
-A learner may unable to perform the skill without the equipment
-Difficult to use with large groups
What is intrinsic feedback?
Feedback you gain from yourself on how it felt-good for experienced performers
What is extrinsic feedback?
Feed back you gain from someone else telling you what happened and how to improve-useful for beginners because the don’t know what is right
What is the difference between performance goals and outcome goals?
PERFORMANCE goals are personal standards to be achieved. The performer compared their performance against what they have already achieved.
OUTCOME goals focus on the end result like winning gold
What is gross skill?
Skills which involve big movements and large muscle groups
What are fine skills?
Small precise movements involving small muscle groups
What is the basic information processing diagram?
How you interpret information
Input>decision making>output>feedback
What are the different types of guidance?
- visual
- verbal-
- mechanical
- manual (someone helping u)
What types of guidance would be better for a beginner?
why?
- visual
- manual
- mechanical
-for confidence, a picture of what the skill looks like
What types of guidance would be better for an expert?
-verbal
What is the definition of arousal?
a physical or mental state of alertness/readiness`
What is the inverted U-theory?
The theory that as arousal increases, so does performance until the middle stage where it starts to decline again .
x=arousal
y=performance
What stress management techniques can be used to control arousal?
deep breathing
mental rehearsal/visualisation/imagery
positive self talk.
What is direct aggression?
When physical contact between performers is used in aggression to deliberately harm the opponent.
e. g
- a high, forceful rugby tackle
- a footballer pulling another performer down
- a boxer punching below the belt
What is indirect aggression?
Doesn’t involve physical contact between performers. its an aggressive act which is aimed at the performer to gain an advantage.
- smashing badminton shuttle excessively hard
- kicking the football hard after opposing team has scored
What are the characteristics of an introvert?
shy/quiet
thoughtful
enjoy being on their own/loner
What are the characteristics of an extrovert?
enjoy interaction with others/sociable/aroused by others
enthusiastic/talkative
prone to boredom when isolated/by themselves.
What type of sports do introverts typically play?
Tend to play individual sports when:
concentration/precision (fine skill) is required
low arousal is required.
e.g golf, archery
What type of sports do extroverts typically play?
Tend to play team sports when: there is a fast pace concentration may need to be low gross skills are used. e.g rugby, football, doubles badminton
