Section C- Physical Landscapes In The Uk 🏞 Flashcards
Where are UK’s 🇬🇧 upland are located ?
What form of rocks 🪨 do they have ?
North and west
Ingenious- granite and metaphoric - slate rocks 🪨 that are resistant to erosion
Where are the UK’s 🇬🇧 low land areas found and what rocks do they form ?
Softer sedimentary 🪨 rocks that erode more easily
Whta flood plain is found in Glasgow and what are its properties ?
river Clyde lower valley - flat ground
What is mechanical ⚙️ weathering ? What’s one type ?
Breaking down rocks 🪨 without changing it’s chemical composition
Freeze-thaw weathering
- when temp alternatives from 0•c water 💦 pushes and fills crack of rocks
Freezes - expands applying pressure on rock 🪨
Water thaws releasing the pressure and rock contacts
The repeat of this process widens the cracks causes rock to break off
What is chemical weathering ? What’s one type?
Breaking down a rock by chasing its chemical composition
Carbonation weathering - happens when it’s warm and wet-
Rain water contains carbon dioxide which makes a weak carbonic acid
This reacts with the calcium carbonate in rocks casing it to corrode
What is mass movement? When does it happen?
The shifting of rocks and loose material down a slope eg. Cliff
When gravity is acting upon the slop is greater than the force supporting it
What does mass movement cause coasts to do?
Retreat rapidly
When Is mass movement more likely to occur ? Why?
If sediment it full of water 💧- water acts like a lubricant and makes material heavier
What can be created when material shifts?
A scrap - steep cut in the side of the Slope
What are the three kinds of mass movement?
Slides 🛝- when material shifts in a straight line down a slope
Slumps - when material rotates down a curved slope
Rockfalls - when material breaks up and falls down a slope
What are the two types of waves 🌊 and what do they do ?
Constructive- build beaches 🏖 low frequency low and long
Swash is more powerful that their backwash so material is deposited
Destructive- erode beaches 🏝 High and steep high frequency and has stronger backwash than swash so material is removed
How are waves 🌊 formed ? How are storm ⛈ surges formed?
When fetch blows over a sea the greater the fetch the more powerful the wave
Sea levels temporarily rise causing strong winds to push water on shore
What are the 4 processes and of erosion?
Hydronic action - water rushes into rocks causing rocks to break
Abrasion- rocks rubbing against Escher until they decrease in size
Attrition- rocks be knocking into each other causing them to chip away
Solution - sediment dissolving into water
Explain longshore drift
- Waves 🌊 follow prevailing wind
- Swash carry’s sediment up the beach at an oblique angle
- Backwash carries sediment down the beach at right angles ,
- producing this zig zag motion across the coast
What are the 4 processes of transportation ?
Traction - big boulders and stones being pushed along the sea bed
Saltation- small pebbles bouncing along the sea bed
Suspension- small pebbles being carried across the sea
Solution- soluble stones like limestone being carried along the water
What is deposition and when does it occur ? What does it tend to do if it’s greater than erosion?
Dropping material
The water carrying sediment loses energy and slows down
Builds coasts