Section 9

Question 1

Anaerobic exercise

Answer 1

maximal effort lasting 3 - 180 sec

Question 2

Anaerobic energy

First 3 sec maximal effort

Answer 2

nearly 100% local energy turnover (ATP-CP system)

Question 3

Anaerobic energy

At 90 sec anaerobic contribution

Answer 3

50/50 of non-oxidative and oxidative

Question 4

Short term, intermediate or long term energy production?

3 to 10 seconds

Answer 4

short term energy production

Question 5

Short term, intermediate or long term energy production?

20 to 50 seconds

Answer 5

intermediate energy production

Question 6

Short term, intermediate or long term energy production?

60 to 120 seconds

Answer 6

long term energy production

Question 7

Name the energy pathways

Answer 7

1. stored muscle ATP——> ADP + Pi (energy released)
2. ADP + creatine phosphate——-> ATP phosphorylation (creatine kinase) (energy needed)
3. Anaerobic glycolysis
4. Aerobic glycolysis (Krebs’s cycle/Citric acid cycle)

Question 8

As the complexity of the energy pathways increase, ATP production speed _________ (increases or decreases)

Answer 8

decreases

Question 9

Determinants of anaerobic performance

Answer 9

1. Muscle fibre type
   - high fast-twitch fibre content (more anaerobic activity)
2. Accumulation of metabolic by-products (lactate production—> H+ ions—> low pH—-> exhaustion)
3. Metabolic efficiency
4. Oxygen delivery, substrate availability, and neuromotor control (no great influence)

Question 10

List some ways to measure anaerobic performance

Answer 10

• Margaria step test
• Sargent vertical jump
• Isokinetic single joint
• Wingate test
• The force-velocity test

Question 11

With growth, anaerobic efficiency __________ (increases or decreases)

Answer 11

increases (produce energy more efficiently)

Question 12

As children cannot produce/tolerate high lactate, which energy system do they rely more on?

Answer 12

oxidative aerobic glycolysis (PFK activity is lower)

Question 13

Post-anaerobic performance recovery

Boys accumulate _______ (less/more) lactate than men

Answer 13

less

Question 14

Maturity-associated variation in anaerobic performance in females

Answer 14

relative power slightly greater in late-maturing females

Question 15

Female anaerobic/aerobic ratio greater or less than males

Answer 15

greater