Section 6

Question 1

Maturation is a…

Answer 1

process (different timing and tempo)

Question 2

Maturity is a…

Answer 2

state (level of maturity)

Question 3

True or false:

tempo does not always follow chronological age

Answer 3

true

Question 4

What are the common indicators of maturity?

Answer 4

Skeletal, Sexual, Somatic Maturation

Question 5

What is dental maturation?

Answer 5

eruption and calcification of teeth (proceeds independently)

Question 6

What type of maturation is not related to other indicators?

Answer 6

neuromuscular maturation (independent walking/nerve conduction velocity)

Question 7

True or false:

Indicators MUST occur in all individuals as they progress to the adult state

Answer 7

true

Question 8

Measures to assess maturity based on biological system in question/under study

Answer 8

maturity indicators

Question 9

What is the best method to assess biological maturity?

Answer 9

skeletal maturity

Question 10

Skeletal maturity

Answer 10

cartilage skeleton———–> bone skeleton

Question 11

How many bones does a newborn have in its wrist and hand?

Answer 11

21 (wrist bones are cartilage)

Question 12

How many bones does a 6-year-old have in its wrist and hand?

Answer 12

49 (ossified cartilage)

Question 13

How many bones does a young adult have in its wrist and hand?

Answer 13

31 bones

Question 14

Long bones

Answer 14

contain the diaphysis (shaft) and epiphysis (head)

Question 15

How do long bones grow?

Answer 15

In length (between diaphysis and epiphysis)

Question 16

Round bones

Answer 16

• contain the carpal bones (irregular shape)

- centre of ossification

Question 17

How do round bones grow?

Answer 17

grow from centre outward

Question 18

What are the 3 maturity indicators of bone?

Answer 18

• Initial appearance of bone (replaced by cartilage)
• Gradual shape differentiation (enlargement of carpal bones)
• Adult state (union + fusion of epiphysis/diaphysis)

Question 19

Greulich-Pyle assessment method

Answer 19

• 30 bones
• atlas/inspectional method
• matching hand/wrist X-ray to atlas
• determines median SA

Question 20

Tanner Whitehouse assessment method

Answer 20

• 20 bones
• bone specific
• compare x-ray to written criteria (score 0-1000)

Question 21

Fels assessment method

Answer 21

• 20 bones

- graded indicators for each bone

Question 22

What is the difference between SA and CA?

Answer 22

skeletal maturity is advanced by 1.8 years

Question 23

Relative SA

Answer 23

SA/CA = 1.17

Question 24

Advanced SA

Answer 24

Ratio greater than 1.0

Question 25

Delayed SA

Answer 25

ration less than 1.0

Question 26

Production of mature ovum, ability to achieve term pregnancy, viable offspring

Answer 26

female sexual maturity

Question 27

production of mature sperm capable of fertilizing an ovum

Answer 27

male sexual maturity

Question 28

Transition between childhood/adulthood - apprearance of secondary sex characteristics - maturation of the reproductive system - adolescent growth spurt

Answer 28

puberty

Question 29

Secondary sex characteristics

Answer 29

pubic hair, breast development/menarche, penis/testes development

Question 30

Secondary sex characteristic assessment

Answer 30

- non-technical - relatively inexpensive - can be done at any time - reasonably reliable - self-assessment

Question 31

Non clinical secondary sex characteristic assessment

Answer 31

- self assessment | - colour plates, schematic illustrations, description

Question 32

Who developoed the secondary sex characteristic assessment criteria?

Answer 32

Tanner

Question 33

What stage? - Prepubertal state - B1, G1, PH1 - absence of any development

Answer 33

Stage 1

Question 34

What stage? - inital, overt development of characteristics - breast elevation, genital enlargment, pubic hair

Answer 34

Stage 2 (early puberty)

Question 35

What stage? | - continued maturation of B, G, PH

Answer 35

Stage 3 & 4 (midpuberty)

Question 36

What stage? | - adult/mature state of B, G, PH

Answer 36

Stage 5

Question 37

What stage? - PH only - expansion of pubic hair upward (males) 80% laterally (females) 10%

Answer 37

Stage 6

Question 38

What are females most often first overt sign of puberty?

Answer 38

B2 (PH1, B2)

Question 39

What are males most often first overt sign of puberty?

Answer 39

G2 (PH1, G2)

Question 40

Testicular size assessment

Answer 40

Prader Orchidometer-testes volume

Question 41

Girls somatic maturity take off age

Answer 41

9-10 years

Question 42

Girls PHV age

Answer 42

12 years

Question 43

When do girls stop growing?

Answer 43

16 (average)

Question 44

Boys somatic maturity take off age

Answer 44

10-11 years

Question 45

Boys PHV age

Answer 45

14 years

Question 46

When do boys stop growing?

Answer 46

18 (average)

Question 47

Midgrowth spurt

Answer 47

age 6.5 to 8.5