Section 6

Question 1

Digestive track function

Answer 1

Food passes and is absorbed

Question 2

digestive system organs

Answer 2

• salivary glands
• mouth
• oesophagus
• liver
• stomach
• gall bladder
• pancreas
• duodenum
• jejunum
• ileum
• ileocecal
• ascending colon
• transverse colon
• descending colon
• sigmoid colon
• rectum
• anus

Question 3

enzymes

Answer 3

protein that act as catalyst. speeding up processes

Question 4

what else apart enzymes speeds up processes in the body? and why is it not used all the time?

Answer 4

heat. not used because could damage living cell therefore enzymes are good alternative.

Question 5

describe enzyme binding, and an example.

Answer 5

works like pac-man. each enzyme look like the pac man and it binds to substrate specifically shaped to fit the enzyme.

lactose - lactase

Question 6

all enzymes have specific ending what is it?

Answer 6

-ase

Question 7

what does it mean when enzyme is denaturated and what can cause it?

Answer 7

they start to unfold loosing their 3 dimensional shape.

very high temperature can make enzyme denaturated

Question 8

3 different enzymes that breakdown food

Answer 8

protease
amylase
lipase

Question 9

epiglottis

Answer 9

flap that closes off windpipe of trachea when food is swallowed

Question 10

sphincter

Answer 10

lower oesophageal.

Relaxes to allow food yo go into stomach. Prevents stomach content to go back up causing heartburn

Question 11

what’s stomach wall called

Answer 11

rugae

Question 12

food becomes liquid in the stomach called…

Answer 12

chyme

Question 13

what makes stomach acidic? and what does it do?

Answer 13

hydrochloric acid

• inhibit growth of bacteria
• denature proteins. Start to unfold them

Question 14

how acid is charged

Answer 14

positively charged hydrogen ions

Question 15

how alkalis are charged

Answer 15

negatively charged hydroxide ions

Question 16

where most of digestion is completed?

Answer 16

duodenum

Question 17

what does liver and pancrease produce. and where is it stored?

Answer 17

bile. in gall bladder

Question 18

pancreas

Answer 18

secreates digestive juices into duodenum through pancreastic duct.
Secreates regulatory hormones like insulin and glucagon into bloodstream

Question 19

jejunum

Answer 19

where most molecules released by digestion are absored.

Question 20

ileum

Answer 20

responsible for the b12 and bile salt absorption also absorption of the rest of the product that hasn’t been digested earlier.

Question 21

what each villi has

Answer 21

microvilli