Section 3 Flashcards
The ______ _____________ ____ ______ (SDLC) is a systematic and organized way to develop an information system by specifying problem analysis, design, implementation, testing, and support of the system.
System Development Life Cycle
Steps in SDLC:
- Feasibility studies = modify an existing system or install a new one. Cost will determine the right path.
- Requirements Analysis = analyzing the objectives of the organization so the system will meet those requirements.
- System Design = selection of programs for new system is decided as as how the program will work together in the new system.
- System acquisition = upon approval of the design, the systems analyst decides which vendors to use and acquires the needed hardware and software.
- System implementation: The actual code of the new system is written.
- System Testing = all acquired and installed software is tested completely.
- System Installation = new system is delivered to the user and installed.
- Training = people who’re going to use the new system are trained, a user manual is generated.
- System Maintenance = as organizational needs change, the modules of the programs are updated or changed.
Linear (sequential), repetitive, prototyping, rapid application development, and an object-oriented programming are basic approaches in ________ __________.
system development
_____ structure design divides a program into smaller subprograms (functions or routines) in a hierarchical form by using a top-down approach.
Model
These are phases in what model of system development?
- System Requirement Analysis
- System and Software Design
- System Implementation (all models are coded)
- System Integration (all models are put together)
- System Testing
- System Installation (Deployment)
- System Maintenance
Waterfall Model
A _________ is a small working model of a system that is built before building a large system.
prototype
SDLC models do/do not keep the user in mind.
do not
In the __________ model, a system is built with basic functionalities and once perfected, more functionality is added, tested, and perfected.
incremental
Advantages of the ________ model is that the user can test the system as it’s being developed and can be modified along the way.
prototype
The ________-oriented modeling technique is used to identify objects in a system and the relationships between them.
object
Objects are _____, and can be a place, a person, an event or thing.
nouns
_______-_________ _______ and ______ (OOAD) is a software engineering approach that models a system as a group of interacting objects.
Object-oriented analysis and design
Object-oriented analysis analyzes the functional requirements of a ______. Used to study current objects to determine if they can be reused or to add new objects to create a new application.
system
_______ __________ ___________ (UML) is used to model an Object Oriented System, which describes a system in terms of objects.
Unified Modeling Language
_____ __________ __________ (RAD) is a system development methodology that uses an iterative process and incorporates prototype methodology to develop a system one segment at a time. It is a _____ __________ ________ (JAD)process in which developers and end users are involved in all stages of development until it is delivered.
Rapid Application Development; Joint Application Development
RAD phases:
- Requirement (Prototype) Phase = gather requirements with users
- Design Phase = examine requirements and build prototype
- Implementation Phase = actual code for new system is written
- Testing Phase = tested with users and incorporating feedback/removing bugs.
- Deployment Phase = installation at user’s site
- Training the User
- Maintenance Phase
In RAD, end users are/ are not involved in all stages.
ARE
A _______ __________ ___ (SDK) is a program used by system developers as an aid when creating new systems or supporting other programs or writing application programs.
software development kit
_________ _______ __________ ___________ (CASE) is software consisting of automated tools and methods used to support various activities in the SDLC. It uses structured methods and GUI to build high-quality systems.
Computer Aided Software Engineering
____ _________ tools are used during the development of an information system and define and format data, they are also used to decide how data is represented and accessed.
data modeling
A _______ is a specific task undertaken to create or build something new, such as an information system, a retail product, a building, or a bridge. It has goals and objectives that must be met.
Project
_______ ____________ is a scientific approach to initiate, plan, organize, manage, staff, and complete the intended objectives of the project successfully.
Project Management
3 Types of information Processing methods:
- Batch processing - data is collected and processed at the end of a specific time ex. payroll
- Transaction processing - collects data and processes it based on day-to-day activities ex. reserving an airline seat
- Real-time processing = processed the moment the data is generated ex. retail department stores
_________-____ interface allows people to use computer hardware and/or computer software to communicate with other computers, using a user interface.
Computer-User Interface
Types of user interfaces:
Mouse/keyboard
Command line Interface - uses DOS to give commands
GUI Interface - graphical icons
Hardware Interface - NIC, modems, routers, hubs etc.
Software Interface - using software programs to communicate with one another (Excel and Word)
Hyperlinks - takes users to a new page
Check/Text Boxes
____ __________ _____ is a process used to design how a user is able to interface with an information system, operating system, other programs, computer hardware or a website.
user interface design
The __________ of ________ ___________ (IEEE)sets the standards for all types of hardware used in the computer industry.
Institue of Electrical Engineers
The _________ __________ _________ _________ (ANSI) is responsible for software used in computers. It sets the standards for number of programming languages such as C, C++, used for writing program.s.
American National Standards Institute
Text, number, audio, video and Boolen are various important _____ types.
data
W3 consortium has specification standards for ________ ________ _________ such as HTML, CSS, and XML that are used in web design.
Internet Markup Languages
Common ways of establishing the identity of the user include a ______ and _______, fingerprints, or an iris scan.
user id and password
