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CLEP - Information Systems & Computer Applications > Section 3 > Flashcards

Section 3 Flashcards

1
Q

The ______ _____________ ____ ______ (SDLC) is a systematic and organized way to develop an information system by specifying problem analysis, design, implementation, testing, and support of the system.

A

System Development Life Cycle

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2
Q

Steps in SDLC:

A
  1. Feasibility studies = modify an existing system or install a new one. Cost will determine the right path.
  2. Requirements Analysis = analyzing the objectives of the organization so the system will meet those requirements.
  3. System Design = selection of programs for new system is decided as as how the program will work together in the new system.
  4. System acquisition = upon approval of the design, the systems analyst decides which vendors to use and acquires the needed hardware and software.
  5. System implementation: The actual code of the new system is written.
  6. System Testing = all acquired and installed software is tested completely.
  7. System Installation = new system is delivered to the user and installed.
  8. Training = people who’re going to use the new system are trained, a user manual is generated.
  9. System Maintenance = as organizational needs change, the modules of the programs are updated or changed.
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3
Q

Linear (sequential), repetitive, prototyping, rapid application development, and an object-oriented programming are basic approaches in ________ __________.

A

system development

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4
Q

_____ structure design divides a program into smaller subprograms (functions or routines) in a hierarchical form by using a top-down approach.

A

Model

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5
Q

These are phases in what model of system development?

  1. System Requirement Analysis
  2. System and Software Design
  3. System Implementation (all models are coded)
  4. System Integration (all models are put together)
  5. System Testing
  6. System Installation (Deployment)
  7. System Maintenance
A

Waterfall Model

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6
Q

A _________ is a small working model of a system that is built before building a large system.

A

prototype

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7
Q

SDLC models do/do not keep the user in mind.

A

do not

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8
Q

In the __________ model, a system is built with basic functionalities and once perfected, more functionality is added, tested, and perfected.

A

incremental

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9
Q

Advantages of the ________ model is that the user can test the system as it’s being developed and can be modified along the way.

A

prototype

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10
Q

The ________-oriented modeling technique is used to identify objects in a system and the relationships between them.

A

object

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11
Q

Objects are _____, and can be a place, a person, an event or thing.

A

nouns

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12
Q

_______-_________ _______ and ______ (OOAD) is a software engineering approach that models a system as a group of interacting objects.

A

Object-oriented analysis and design

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13
Q

Object-oriented analysis analyzes the functional requirements of a ______. Used to study current objects to determine if they can be reused or to add new objects to create a new application.

A

system

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14
Q

_______ __________ ___________ (UML) is used to model an Object Oriented System, which describes a system in terms of objects.

A

Unified Modeling Language

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15
Q

_____ __________ __________ (RAD) is a system development methodology that uses an iterative process and incorporates prototype methodology to develop a system one segment at a time. It is a _____ __________ ________ (JAD)process in which developers and end users are involved in all stages of development until it is delivered.

A

Rapid Application Development; Joint Application Development

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16
Q

RAD phases:

A
  1. Requirement (Prototype) Phase = gather requirements with users
  2. Design Phase = examine requirements and build prototype
  3. Implementation Phase = actual code for new system is written
  4. Testing Phase = tested with users and incorporating feedback/removing bugs.
  5. Deployment Phase = installation at user’s site
  6. Training the User
  7. Maintenance Phase
17
Q

In RAD, end users are/ are not involved in all stages.

A

ARE

18
Q

A _______ __________ ___ (SDK) is a program used by system developers as an aid when creating new systems or supporting other programs or writing application programs.

A

software development kit

19
Q

_________ _______ __________ ___________ (CASE) is software consisting of automated tools and methods used to support various activities in the SDLC. It uses structured methods and GUI to build high-quality systems.

A

Computer Aided Software Engineering

20
Q

____ _________ tools are used during the development of an information system and define and format data, they are also used to decide how data is represented and accessed.

A

data modeling

21
Q

A _______ is a specific task undertaken to create or build something new, such as an information system, a retail product, a building, or a bridge. It has goals and objectives that must be met.

A

Project

22
Q

_______ ____________ is a scientific approach to initiate, plan, organize, manage, staff, and complete the intended objectives of the project successfully.

A

Project Management

23
Q

3 Types of information Processing methods:

A
  1. Batch processing - data is collected and processed at the end of a specific time ex. payroll
  2. Transaction processing - collects data and processes it based on day-to-day activities ex. reserving an airline seat
  3. Real-time processing = processed the moment the data is generated ex. retail department stores
24
Q

_________-____ interface allows people to use computer hardware and/or computer software to communicate with other computers, using a user interface.

A

Computer-User Interface

25
Q

Types of user interfaces:

A

Mouse/keyboard
Command line Interface - uses DOS to give commands
GUI Interface - graphical icons
Hardware Interface - NIC, modems, routers, hubs etc.
Software Interface - using software programs to communicate with one another (Excel and Word)
Hyperlinks - takes users to a new page
Check/Text Boxes

26
Q

____ __________ _____ is a process used to design how a user is able to interface with an information system, operating system, other programs, computer hardware or a website.

A

user interface design

27
Q

The __________ of ________ ___________ (IEEE)sets the standards for all types of hardware used in the computer industry.

A

Institue of Electrical Engineers

28
Q

The _________ __________ _________ _________ (ANSI) is responsible for software used in computers. It sets the standards for number of programming languages such as C, C++, used for writing program.s.

A

American National Standards Institute

29
Q

Text, number, audio, video and Boolen are various important _____ types.

A

data

30
Q

W3 consortium has specification standards for ________ ________ _________ such as HTML, CSS, and XML that are used in web design.

A

Internet Markup Languages

31
Q

Common ways of establishing the identity of the user include a ______ and _______, fingerprints, or an iris scan.

A

user id and password

CLEP - Information Systems & Computer Applications (5 decks)

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