Section 3-3: Gene Expression Flashcards
RNA 3 components
sugar (ribose)
phosphate group
nitrogenous base
4 components of nitrogenous base
purines: A + G
pyrimidines: Uracil (U) + C
differences between RNA and DNA
single strand
very unstable
transcription
DNA to RNA
transcription starts from
promoter (DNA sequence)
transcription catalyzed by
RNA polymerase (elongation form 5’ to 3’)
transcription regulated by
transcription factor (protein)
transcription uses (substrates)
ATP, UTP, GTP, CTP
transcription product
messenger RNA (mRNA)
translation
mRNA to protein
translation start codon
AUG=Met
translation catalyzed by
ribosome: makes peptide bonds
tRNA: reads codons
translation uses (substrates)
20 amino acids
translation product
protein
translation occurs in
cytosol
rough ER
mitochondria
plastids