Section 2: Plant Cell Structure Flashcards

1
Q

prokaryote characteristics

A

bacteria and archaea
no nucleus, lack specialised organelles
small
circular DNA

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2
Q

eukaryotes characteristics

A

plants, animals, fungi
nucleus, internal membranes (organelles)
large
linear DNA

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3
Q

5 plant cell components

A

nucleus
endomembrane systems (ER, golgi, vacuoles, lysosomes)
plastids (chloroplasts, mitochondria)
cytoskeleton
cell wall

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4
Q

plastids (chloroplasts) characteristics

A

energy metabolism (photosynthesis)
bacterial ribosomes, endosymbiosis of cyano bacteria

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5
Q

mitochondria characteristics

A

energy metabolism (respiration)
bacterial ribosomes, endosymbiosis of alpha proteobacteria

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6
Q

similarities between mitochondria and plastids

A

2 lipid bilayer membranes
circular DNA

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7
Q

cell wall functions

A

structural support
cell size and shape

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8
Q

cell wall components

A

carbohydrates (cellulose)
phenolics (lignin)

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9
Q

is cell wall outside or inside plasma membrane?

A

outside

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10
Q

cytoskeleton functions

A

cell growth
intracellular trafficking

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11
Q

cytoskeleton components

A

protein fiber/filament (2 types)
microtubules: tubulin proteins, hollow rod structure
microfilaments: actin proteins, 2 twisted structure

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12
Q

is cytoskeleton inside or outside plasma membrane?

A

inside

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13
Q

plasma membrane

A

lipid bilayer
polar head and non-polar fatty acid tails

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14
Q

draw a plant cell

A
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15
Q

what are the 4 locations where ribosomes are found?

A

cytosol
rough ER
mitochondria
plastids

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