section 24 Flashcards
mature lymphoproliferative disorders
CLL characteristics
- small homogenous lymphs
- cracked mud chromatin
- low PLT
- smudge cells
describe the disease progression of CLL
slow progression
describe hairy cell characteristics (morphology)
cells with mono/lymph characteristics and cytoplasmic projections
- able to make Ig and phagocytize
lab findings with hairy cell leukemia
- splenomegaly
- TRAP pos
what is the significance of TRAP test
TRAP stains are incubated with tartaric acid which deactivates acid phosphatase enzyme in all white cells except isoenzyme 5 belonging to hairy cells
what is the general difference between lymphomas and leukemias
lymphomas are constrained to lymph tissues, leukemias are malignant cells in BM/PB
describe the ann arbor staging of lymphomas
- how far has it spread
- how many nodes/organs are effected
- which side of the diaphragm is effected
- symptoms vs asymptomatic
what is the significance of the Ann Arbor staging of lymphomas
the answers will effect treatment and prognosis
describe the general difference between Hodgkin’s and non Hodgkin’s lymphoma
hodgkins has presence of Reed-sternberg owl eye cell
-> NOT diagnostic on its own but aides in the diagnosis
- hodgkins is a B cell proliferation issue
- non hodkins is a lymphocytic malignancy (general)
what is the relationship of mycosis fungoides and sezary syndrome
sezary is the progression of mycosis fungoides malignant cells into the blood and other tissues
solitary plasmacytoma
malignant plasma cells found in one area of bone or soft tissue
where is MM found in diagnosis
bone marrow
define multiple myeloma
monoclonal Ig production from plasma cell proliferation confined to bone marrow
characteristics of MM
- free light chains of kappa or lambda = bence jones
- M protein spike
- rouleaux
- lytic lesions released calcium/phosphorus
- IgG production normally
how does plasma cell leukemia differ from MM
plasma cell leukemia is the terminal phase of MM with >20% of plasma cells in blood
