section 21 Flashcards
acute leukemias
1
Q
what is the general difference between acute and chronic leukemias
A
acute: >20% blasts, arrested maturation, uncontrolled proliferation
chronic: <20% blasts, normal maturation, uncontrolled proliferation
2
Q
AML-M0
A
- > 20% blasts with no distinct characteristics
- no stain rxn
- diagnosis on flow
- w/o maturation
3
Q
AML-M1
A
- > 20% myeloblasts
- auer rods present
- w/o maturation
4
Q
stain rxn of AML-M1
A
- MPO +
- SPE +
- NSE +/=
- NSE NaF +/=
5
Q
AML-M2
A
- possible CML blast crisis
- > 20% myeloblasts in PB and BM
- auer rods possible
- all stages of maturation present
6
Q
what translocation occurs with APL-M3
A
t(15;17)
7
Q
APL-M3 characteristics
A
> 20% blasts or blast eq
heavy granulation
DIC possible
Maturation stopped at promylocyte phase
schistocytes
8
Q
APL-M3m characteristics
A
> 20% blasts or blast eq
microgranulation causes abnormal nuclear shapes
9
Q
AMML-M4
A
- both myelocytic and monocytic characteristics in blasts
- decreased plts
- can invade other tissues
10
Q
AMML-M4eo
A
both myelocytic and monocytic characteristics in blasts with marrow immature eosinophilia
11
Q
AMoL-M5a
A
- monoblastic/monocytic poorly differentiated
- > 20% monoblastics in PB/BM
12
Q
AMoL-M5b
A
- promono and monoblasts
- w/ maturation
13
Q
AML-M6
A
- erythroid leukemia
- > 80% BM erythroids
- BM hyperplasia
14
Q
AML-M7
A
- megakaryoblastic
- of the 20% blasts 50% of those are megakaryoblasts
15
Q
ALL-L1
A
> 20% of blasts in PB/BM
- small homogenous lymphoblasts
