Section 2 - Quiz Questions Flashcards
**Match the correct eicosanoid derivative with the statement **
Increases gastric mucosal cytoprotection
Match the correct eicosanoid derivative with the statement
Increases gastric mucosal cytoprotection
Misoprostil (PGE)
Match the correct eicosanoid derivative with the statement
Stable analogs of this substance are useful in promoting myometrial contractions and expelling pus in open-cervix pyometra
Match the correct eicosanoid derivative with the statement
Stable analogs of this substance are useful in promoting myometrial contractions and expelling pus in open-cervix pyometra
_Cloprostenol (PGF2a) _
Match the correct eicosanoid derivative with the statement
Decreases intraocular pressure in dogs with glaucoma
Match the correct eicosanoid derivative with the statement
Decreases intraocular pressure in dogs with glaucoma
_Latanoprost (PGF2a) _
Aspirin has the lowest potency in:
Aspirin has the lowest potency in:
reducing signs of inflammation
Which anti inflammatory drug is inactive until it is biotransformed to an active metabolite?
Which anti inflammatory drug is inactive until it is biotransformed to an active metabolite?
Cortisone
Glucocorticoids increase the number of circulating:
Glucocorticoids increase the number of circulating:
Erythrocytes
(GC’s produce pokycythemia, an increase in RBC)
Which is a sign of corticosteroid excess (Cushingoid syndrome), occurring after long-term therapy with glucocorticoids in dogs?
Which is a sign of corticosteroid excess (Cushingoid syndrome), occurring after long-term therapy with glucocorticoids in dogs?
Excessive drinking & urination
(PU/PD)
Which type of histamine receptor is coupled through G proteins to an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP?
Which type of histamine receptor is coupled through G proteins to an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP?
H2
Which NSAID inhibits leukotriene synthesis?
Which NSAID inhibits leukotriene synthesis?
Tepoxalin
The excretion of aspirin can be increased by _______ the urine
The excretion of aspirin can be increased by _______ the urine
Alkalinizing
**The fever reducing effect of NSAIDs is due to their ability to: **
**The fever reducing effect of NSAIDs is due to their ability to: **
Increase body heat loss
**Cyclosporine increases tear formation in inflamed eyes by: **
**Cyclosporine increases tear formation in inflamed eyes by: **
Decreasing T cell-mediated ocular immune reactions
Histamine can be released from mast cells through a receptor-independent mechanism. Some drugs can evoke histamine secretion by this mechniasm because they are strong _________.
Histamine can be released from mast cells through a receptor-independent mechanism. Some drugs can evoke histamine secretion by this mechniasm because they are strong _________.
Bases
**Drugs that act as competitive antagonists at H1-histamine receptors can inhibit: **
**Drugs that act as competitive antagonists at H1-histamine receptors can inhibit: **
The dermal “wheal and flare” reaction
(Triple Response of Lewis)
**H1-Histamine receptors are more commonly expressed by: **
**H1-Histamine receptors are more commonly expressed by: **
Smooth muscle cells
Which species manifests poorest phase 2 metabolism of NSAIDs, wuch as aspirin?
Which species manifests poorest phase 2 metabolism of NSAIDs, wuch as aspirin?
Cat
Which NSAID is a more selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2?
**Which NSAID is a more selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2?
Deracoxib**
**________ is a side effect of therapy with cortisone and prednisone. **
**________ is a side effect of therapy with cortisone and prednisone. **
Hypokalemia
**Characteristic changes in the differential blood count produced by glucocorticoid administration include: **
**(3) **
Characteristic changes in the differential blood count produced by glucocorticoid administration include:
- Decreased lymphocyte counts
- Increased neutrophil count
- Decreased eosinophil count
Is decreased platelet count a aharacteristic change in the differential blood count produced by glucocorticoid administration?
Is decreased platelet count a aharacteristic change in the differential blood count produced by glucocorticoid administration?
NO
**Glucocorticoids and cyclosporin share an ability to: **
**Glucocorticoids and cyclosporin share an ability to: **
Enhance the spread of active infections
Indicate the correct region of the glucocorticoid receptor containing the functional domain:
Glucocorticoid (ligand) binding site
Indicate the correct region of the glucocorticoid receptor containing the functional domain:
Glucocorticoid (ligand) binding site
_Carboxy (COOH) end of receptor _
Indicate the correct region of the glucocorticoid receptor containing the functional domain:
Receptor dimerization and DNA binding domains
Indicate the correct region of the glucocorticoid receptor containing the functional domain:
Receptor dimerization and DNA binding domains
_Middle region of receptor _
Which effects can be produced by glucocorticoid treatment?
(2)
Which effects can be produced by glucocorticoid treatment?
- Hyperglycemia
- Hypokalemia
Does glucocorticoid treatment cause:
Hypervitaminosis D?
Hypercalcemia?
Does glucocorticoid treatment cause:
Hypervitaminosis D? NO
Hypercalcemia? NO
Which drug needs to be converted to an active form in the liver in order to be effective in suppressing inflammation?
Which drug needs to be converted to an active form in the liver in order to be effective in suppressing inflammation?
Prednisone
Which is the most potent antiinflammatory drug?
Which is the most potent antiinflammatory drug?
Dexamethasone
Which is the shortest-acting antiinflammatory drug?
Which is the shortest-acting antiinflammatory drug?
Hydrocortisone
Which antiinflammatory produces the most sodium retention?
Which antiinflammatory produces the most sodium retention?
Hydrocortisone
Mechanism of Action:
Hydrocortisone (Cortisol)
Mechanism of Action:
Hydrocortisone (Cortisol)
_Suppresses inflammation by activating cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors _
Mechanism of Action:
Mifepristone (RU486)
Mechanism of Action:
Mifepristone (RU486)
_Inhibits antiinflammatory steroid action by preventing the dissocation of heat shock proteins from glucocorticoid receptors _
**Mechanism of Action: **
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Mechanism of Action:
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
_Inhibits allergic reactions by blocking H1-histamine receptors _
Mechanism of Action:
Carprofen (Rimadyl)
Mechanism of Action:
Carprofen (Rimadyl)
_Suppresses inflammation by inhibiting cyclooxegenase activity _
**Aspirin’s effect on the clotting time of blood is due to its ability to temporarily increase the influence of _______ on platelet aggregation. **
**Aspirin’s effect on the clotting time of blood is due to its ability to temporarily increase the influence of _______ on platelet aggregation. **
Prostacyclin (PGI2)
**If persistently stimulated by an agonist drug, some G protein-coupled receptors (such as a the beta2-adrenergic receptor) will: **
**If persistently stimulated by an agonist drug, some G protein-coupled receptors (such as a the beta2-adrenergic receptor) will: **
B-arrestin
**In the dog, glucocorticoids can decrease the numbers of circulating: **
**In the dog, glucocorticoids can decrease the numbers of circulating: **
T Lymphocytes
**Identify the NSAID **
Which drug, commonly used to alleviate lameness in horses, inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms in this species?
Identify the NSAID
Which drug, commonly used to alleviate lameness in horses, inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms in this species?
Phenylbutazone
Identify the NSAID
Which NSAID, given by intravenous injection, is currently approved for use in beef and dairy cattle in the U.S.?
Identify the NSAID
Which NSAID, given by intravenous injection, is currently approved for use in beef and dairy cattle in the U.S.?
Flunixin
Identify the NSAID
Which drug inhibits both prostanoid AND leukotriene biosynthesis?
Identify the NSAID
Which drug inhibits both prostanoid AND leukotriene biosynthesis?
Tepoxalin
Identify the NSAID
Which drug irreversibly inhibits cyclooxegenase-1?
Identify the NSAID
Which drug irreversibly inhibits cyclooxegenase-1?
Aspirin
Which glucocorticoid formulation can be injected intravenously?
Prednisolone Acetate
Prednisolone Sodium Succinate
Triamcinolone Acetonide
Which glucocorticoid formulation can be injected intravenously?
Prednisolone Acetate
Prednisolone Sodium Succinate
Triamcinolone Acetonide
**Cyclosporin and tacrolimus suppress T lymphocyte signaling by: **
**Cyclosporin and tacrolimus suppress T lymphocyte signaling by: **
inhibiting calcineurin activity
Which effect of histamine can be reduced or prevented by treatment with diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?
Which effect of histamine can be reduced or prevented by treatment with diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?
Increased capillary permeability
Which type of drug will decrease the EFFICACY of an agonist?
Which type of drug will decrease the EFFICACY of an agonist?
Non-competetive Antagonist
**The therapeutic index of a drug is defined as: **
**The therapeutic index of a drug is defined as: **
The 50% lethal dose divided by the 50% effective dose
Which class of antiinflammatory drugs induces the expression of the intracellular protein I-kB, which inhibits nuclear translocation of the cytokine transcriptional factor NF-kB?
Which class of antiinflammatory drugs induces the expression of the intracellular protein I-kB, which inhibits nuclear translocation of the cytokine transcriptional factor NF-kB?
Glucocorticoids
Which drug is indicated for the IMMEDIATE reduction of the signs associated with allergy-induced anaphylactoid reactions?
Which drug is indicated for the IMMEDIATE reduction of the signs associated with allergy-induced anaphylactoid reactions?
Epinephrine
