Section 2 Flashcards
sodium and water
- melts
- fizzes
- moves around surface
- may ignite
sodium and water equation
2Na + 2H2O –> 2NaOH + H2
lithium and water
- floats
- meltz
- fizzes
potassium and water
- burns with a lilac flame
- floats
- melts
what happens to the elements in group 1 as their atomic number increases?
their reactivity increases
chlorine state at room temp
gas
chlorine colour
green
bromine state at room temp
liquid
bromine colour
red-brown
iodine state at room temp
solid
iodine colour
dark grey
what is dissociation?
when a molecule splits up into ions
what colour is bromine in the displacement reaction?
orange
what colour is iodine in the displacement reaction?
brown
what would you observe when magnesium is added to a dilute acid?
- vigorous reaction
- lots of bubbles
aluminium and acid
- doesnt react much with cold acid
- reacts vigorously with warm acid
- produces lots of bubbles
zinc/iron and acid
- slow reaction with cold acid
- strong reaction when you heat them up
rust equation
iron + oxygen +water –> hydrated iron (3) oxide
two ways to prevent rusting:
- painting/oiling
- galvanising
oxygen in air
21%
argon in air
0.9%
nitrogen in air
78%
carbon dioxide in air
0.04%
how to measure the % of oxygen in the air (with iron or phosphorus)
- soak iron wool in ACETIC acid
- invert test tube in water
- measure the volume of water at the start and end of the experiment
what is used to make oxygen in the lab?
hydrogen peroxide
what catalyst is used to make oxygen in the lab?
manganese(iv) oxide
magnesium burning in air
- bright white flame
- white magnesium oxide
carbon burning in air
- yellowy/orange flame
- carbon dioxide gas is produced
sulfur burning in air
- pale blue flame
- sulfur dioxide is produced
what is used to make carbon dioxide in the lab?
- calcium carbonate
- dilute HCl
equation for the production of carbon dioxide
2HCl + CaCO3 –> CaCl2 + H20 + CO2
thermal decomposition of copper carbonate:
CuCO3 –> CuO + CO2
uses for Carbon dioxide
- fire extinguishers
- fizzy drinks
