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Network+ > Section 1.6 > Flashcards

Section 1.6 Flashcards

1
Q

How many dns root server clusters are there?

A

13

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2
Q

TLD

A

Top Level Domain

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3
Q

What are examples of some Top Level Domains?

A

.com
.net
.org
.gov
.edu
.(country)

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4
Q

FQDN

A

Fully Qualified Domain Name

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5
Q

What is a Fully Qualified Domain Name?

A

An FQDN has the subdomain/hostname, domain and top level domain.

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6
Q

What is the process of DNS resolution?

A

First, the computer checks its local cache. If not there, then the cache of the DNS resolver like the ISP or Google. If not there, then the TLD server.

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7
Q

What’s the difference between a non-authoritative answer vs an authoritative answer in a DNS lookup?

A

Non-authoritative is cached information, whereas authoritative is directly from the source.

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8
Q

What term determines how often the DNS cache is updated?

A

The Time To Live or TTL

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9
Q

In what increments of time is the domain TTL in?

A

number of seconds

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10
Q

Command for simple forward and reverse dns lookup

A

nslookup [domain/IP]

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11
Q

Command for detailed foward dns lookup

A

dig [domain]

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12
Q

Command for detailed reverse dns lookup

A

dig -x [IP]

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13
Q

NTP

A

Network Time Protocol

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14
Q

What keeps the time across a network synchronized?

A

an NTP server

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15
Q

What port does the NTP server listen on?

A

UDP 123

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16
Q

How is the level of accuracy rated on an NTP server?

A

by stratum layers. stratum 0, 1, or 2, where lower is more accurate

17
Q

What are the DHCP steps?

A
  1. Discover from client to broadcast
  2. Offer from server to broadcast
  3. Request from client to broadcast
  4. Acknowledgement from server to broadcast
18
Q

How is DHCP handled in large organizations?

A

Routers are configured with DHCP Relay or IP Helper, which forwards DHCP requests to the DHCP server

19
Q

What are 5 components to a DHCP scope?

A

IP range (inclusion and exclusion)
Lease duration
Subnet mask
Default gateway
DNS server

20
Q

How is an IP renewed by the client with a DHCP server?

A

At 50% of the lease time (T1), the client attempts to renew the IP with the original DHCP server

At 87.5% of the lease time (T2), if the lease hasn’t been renewed, the client tries to rebind with any available DHCP server

21
Q

What’s the difference between a forward DNS lookup vs a reverse DNS lookup?

A

A forward lookup searches the domain name

A reverse lookup searches the IP address

22
Q

What is the DNS hierarchy from top-down?

A

Root (.)
TLD (com/org)
SLD (wikipedia/google)
Subdomains (www/mail)

23
Q

SLD

A

Second Level Domain

24
Q

What is a DNS zone transfer and what’s their purpose?

A

They copy a DNS server to secondary servers to provide redundancy

25
Q

What is an A record?
What does it map?

A

IPv4 Address record
Maps a domain name to an IPv4 address

26
Q

What is a AAAA record?
What does it map?

A

IPv6 Address record
Maps a domain name to an IPv6 address

27
Q

What is a CNAME record?
What does it map?

A

Canonical record
Maps domain name to aliases

28
Q

What is an MX record?
What’s its purpose?

A

Mail Exchange record
Tells sender’s mail server where to deliver the message.

29
Q

What is a TXT record?
What’s its purpose?

A

Text record
Stores text for verification and security

30
Q

What is a PTR record?
What does it map?

A

Pointer record
Maps IP address to domain name

31
Q

What is an NS record?
What does it map?

A

Name Server record
Maps domain to authoritative dns server

32
Q

What is an SOA record?
What’s its purpose?

A

Start of Authority record
Contains the DNS zone details

33
Q

What is an SRV record?
What’s its purpose?

A

Service record
Helps clients on network find another service

Network+ (17 decks)

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