Section 11

Question 1

Under the HPA, psychologists do not have the authority to prescribe and administer medications. In regards to medications, what are some things psychologists can do? (Section 11, p. 755)

Answer 1

1. Discuss medications with a client generally if the topic is related.
2. Acknowledge that certain symptoms might be attributed to side effects of medications (for clients who are already on meds) and refer them to their physician/psychiatrist.
3. Talk/refer to a physician/psychiatrist if a client is considering ceasing medication.
4. Observe changes in the client’s cognitive, emotional, and behavioural functioning during the course of treatment involving medications (and share this information with the treating physician/psychiatrist).

Question 2

In regards to medications, what are some things psychologists should refrain from doing? (Section 11, p. 756)

Answer 2

Making definitive statements about: the need for medication, dosages of medication, specific symptoms being caused by meds, how/what a physician/psychiatrist should prescribe.

Also, they should refrain from administering meds.

Question 3

What is the psychologist’s primary purpose? (Section 11, p. 757)

Answer 3

To serve the best interests of their clients.

Question 4

In regards to recovered memories, psychologists acknowledge that a definite conclusion that a memory is based on objective reality is not possible unless what? (Section 11, p. 758)

Answer 4

Unless there is incontrovertible, corroborating evidence.

Question 5

If a client wishes to make a complaint to the police about an alleged perpetrator, what should the therapist do? (Section 11, p. 758)

Answer 5

Discuss the meaning of this with the client, the probably consequences, and various options. They may also refer the client to a lawyer for professional information.

Question 6

Psychologists require specialized competence in order to address recovered memories. What should a psychologist do if a client discloses recovered memories of abuse? (Section 11, p. 758-759).

Answer 6

Psychologists must be ready to consult, obtain supervision, or refer the client to another therapist without abandoning the client.

Question 7

Can a psychologist compromise the client-therapist relationship to bring about changes in society that could potentially be harmful? (Section 11, p. 760).

Answer 7

No - the primary obligation is the client’s welfare.

Question 8

What is the definition of aversive procedures or techniques? (Section 11, p. 761)

Answer 8

Procedures/techniques that restrict the rights or inflict measures of mental or physical discomfort on an individual.

Question 9

When should aversive techniques be implemented? (Section 11, p. 761)

Answer 9

After professional consultation, if the client chooses this treatment, and if it is professionally irresponsible to withhold such treatment.

Question 10

Behavioural interventions using aversive techniques should be considered the most __________ of behavioural procedures. Also, when should these procedures be applied? (Section 11, p. 761)

Answer 10

The most invasive of behavioural procedures. They should only be applied with documented evidence that all less intrusive techniques have been tried without success.

Question 11

When charging fees, the charged fees should reflect what? (Section 11, p. 767)

Answer 11

Reflect the amount of time involved in providing the service, reasonably reflect the expertise of the psychologist, and a breakdown of charges must be provided.

Question 12

What is the CGPA? (Section 11, p. 773).

Answer 12

Group therapy, group training, and group facilitation - they work together to foster and provide education and training for mental health professionals in group psychotherapy across Canada.

Question 13

What are some reasons why groups work in therapy? (Section 11, p. 776)

Answer 13

1. Altruism
2. Catharsis
3. Corrective recapitulation of primary family group
4. Developing of socializing techniques
5. Direct advice
6. Existential factors
7. Imitative behaviour
8. Imparting of information
9. Instillation of hope
10. Interpersonal learning
11. Universality

Question 14

What are some responsibilities of clients who participate in group therapy? (Section 11, p. 779)

Answer 14

• attending regularly
• being prompt
• taking risks
• be willing to talk about oneself
• giving others feedback
• maintaining confidentiality
• asking for what one needs

Question 15

What should a psychologist do if there is a crisis that arises as a direct result of participating in group therapy? (Section 11, p. 779)

Answer 15

Consult with the client, refer the client to receive appropriate help

Question 16

In group therapy, when might a group leader by open to a malpractice suit? (Section 11, p. 780).

Answer 16

If a group member can prove that personal injury or psychological harm was caused by the leader’s failure to render proper services (either through negligence or ignorance)

Question 17

What is the best way to protect yourself from getting involved in a malpractice suit? (Section 11, p. 780)

Answer 17

Taking preventative measures - do not practice outside the boundaries of your competence.

Question 18

What are 3 possible consequences that may be enforced if a group member violates confidentiality? (Section 11, p. 782-783)

Answer 18

1. removal from group
2. financial sanction
3. civil suit by the group member who was the object of the violation

Question 19

Discuss 3 reasons why it is important to share reactions within the group when chance meetings occur between group members in an outside setting? (Section 11, p. 782-783)

Answer 19

1. rewards the members for handling the situation well
2. allows for the correction of mistaken impression
3. it enables members to recognize other possible responses to handling the situation
4. underscores the importance of all matters related to confidentiality

Question 20

Define informed consent as it relates to group work? What does it mean to be informed and to give consent? (Section 11, p. 782-783)

Answer 20

Informed refers to the right of the group members to know all of the crucial aspects associated with the group treatment. Consent refers to the entering member’s agreement to participate int he group in cognizance of these crucial aspects.

Question 21

What is the difference between a member paying for individual group sessions and paying for a seat in the group? (Section 11, p. 782-783)

Answer 21

If a member is paying for individual sessions, they only pay when they attend. If they are paying for their seat, they pay regardless of attendance.

Question 22

What are some ways the therapist can help preserve privacy and confidentiality of group members in record keeping? And 2 ways group therapists can make note taking efficient? (Section 11, p. 782-783)

Answer 22

The therapist should write separate notes for each group member and should not write specific information about a group member in another group member’s chart.

Notes about the group should not contain identifying information.

Question 23

What are the 4 stages of group development? (Section 11, p. 784)

Answer 23

1. Forming
2. Storming
3. Performing
4. Adjourning

Question 24

In supervision, who is the hidden client?

S11: 763

Answer 24

The Student

Question 25

What are some slippery slope ethical issues in supervision?

Answer 25

• Supervision really likes talking about themselves

- superviser becomes your therapist

Question 26

What are the stages of supervisee development?

Answer 26

Level 1: It’s about me, can I make this work. What does the client think about me? (Content supervision)

Level 2: It’s about the client: can I help?? (content supervision)

Level 3: Its abut us: client + supervisor (process supervision)