Section 1 - Key Words Flashcards
Privy chamber definition
The private quarters of the monarch. This was heavily guarded and only trusted nobles were allowed in.
Privy Council definition
A group of advisers, normally nobility and clergy chosen to help the monarch run the country.
Clergy definition
All those who were responsible for running the church.
Feudal definition
A system of control from the mediaeval period.
Court Star Chamber definition
This took it’s name from the ceiling of a room in Westminster palace. The court supervised the lower courts and could be appealed to directly.
Christendom definition
A group of nations where the Catholic Church was established and the monarchs swore obedience to the Pope.
Archbishop of Canterbury definition
The Archbishop of Canterbury was the senior cleric and the Pope’s representative in England.
Archdiocese definition
The areas which the archbishop of Canterbury and York ruled over.
Cardinal definition
A position appointed directly by the Pope. Cardinals are responsible for the election of the Pope.
Abbey, Monastery and Priory definition
Large rural religious houses: Abbeys being the largest, then monasteries and ones based in towns knowns as priories.
Book of Hours definition
Books of hours enabled people to follow the services and formed a patter of a monks day.
Sustenance definition
Nourishment. The priest has to give religious sustenance to help the laity.
Laity definition
Those people who were not members of the clergy.
Abbots definition
Heads of monastic houses.
Bishops definition
Regional leaders of the church.
Chancellor definition
Senior politician responsible for law and order, sack on the Woolsack in the House of Lords.
Legatus a latere definition
Permission given by the Pope to act on his behalf
Excommunicate definition
Cast out of the church and it’s salvation, so condemned to an afterlife in Hell.
Liturgy definition
Services held in Church.
Creed definition
Statement of beliefs if the Church concerning the nature of Jesus Christ.
Tithe definition
A tenth of a person’s income paid to the church annually as a tax.
Heresy definition
Holding of beliefs which went against the established doctrine of the Church in Rome.
Chantry definition
Singing of masses for the soul of the founder.
Original Sin definition
The sin in which everyone was born with due to the disobedience of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden.
Purgatory definition
A place where, in the Catholic faith, souls had to wait for a certain period of time. The amount of time was determined by the amount of “good works” they did in their life or people praying for them when they died.
Indulgences definition
The sins already forgiven through confession could be further lessened through a pardon.
Mass definition
The most important service for the Catholic church. Priests blessed the wine as Jesus did in the last supper. Catholics believe the bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ.
Transubstantiation definition
The theory in which the wine and bread become the blood and body of Christ.
Confession definition
The laity were required to tell the priest of their sins. The Priest would forgive their sins in the name of God.
Martyr definition
A person killed for their religious beliefs.
Lollard definition
A follower of Lollardy which believed Christianity should be based on the
Bible and not priests. They believed that the Bible should be written in English.
Predestination definition
The idea that your destination of Heaven or Hell was decided when you were born.
Royal Supremacy definition
The idea that the Monarch was responsible for the church in their own lands.
Humanism definition
An intellectual movement which sought to return to the original Greek texts of the Bible to further understand the scriptures.
Free will definition
God granted mankind the right to choose to make decisions.
Mark definition
Old money, equivalent to 65p today.
Avarice definition
Extreme greed for wealth.
Reliquary definition
Held by a relic or saint
Anti-clericalism definition
Criticisms of the church or of priests this was different from criticisms or doctrine.
