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science 9 > Section 1- Astronomy > Flashcards

Section 1- Astronomy Flashcards

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0
Q

What are some scientific advancements for astronomy

A

Telescopes, space travel, Hubble telescope, gps

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1
Q

What is astronomy

What has it become?

A

Astronomy is the study of stars

It has now become the study of space

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2
Q

What are other Forms of scopes

A

Radio scopes, x-Ray, gamma ray scopes

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3
Q

Early history: early thought on stars?

A

They thought stars effected our past present and future “blame the stars”

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4
Q

What is the science that stars still have super powers

A

:astrology, the star arrangement effects our daily life

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5
Q

Stories and myths: what are clumps of stars: what is based off of them

A

Constellations, buildings such as monuments pyramids and other structures

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6
Q

Other practical uses for stars: what was used as a timeline

A

When to plant and harvest when to move when to hunt when to stay

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7
Q

How long was the first call ended and how was it made

A

It was made by how long it took each constellation to appear again. And it was 360 days but now we know a year is 365 1/4 days

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8
Q

Stars: direction indicators

A

Polaris (North Star)

Southern cross (crux)

East and west direction of stars more difficult

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9
Q

From astrology to astronomy: when, and what theory

A

100 bc and the geocentric theory which is the earth is the centre of the universe: all stars move around us and stars were on a single plane

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10
Q

Copernicus: when, his theory.

A

1500 ad, and he came up with the heliocentric theory which is the stars are on different planes and the sun is the centre of the universes

He had no proof so it was a hypothesis

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11
Q

What 3 scientists proved his theory

A

Kepler, Galileo, and Newton

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12
Q

What did Kepler do?

A

He proved that objects that are near move faster than distant objects, and objects in space are on different planes

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13
Q

What did Galileo do?

A

He improved the telescope “did not first create it” and used it to look at the stars with more detail and he saw not only stars but planets.

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14
Q

What did Newton do?

A

He provided proof that the sun has enough mass to hold objects in orbit and the earth does not so therefore the sun it the centre of the universe

*sun takes up over 99% of the universe

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15
Q

Astronomy of today: how many constellations are there?

A

88 however what constellations we see is not basses on their movement but rather our movement

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16
Q

Rotation by definition

A

Turning of the earth by its own axis

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17
Q

What is a solar day?

A

24 hrs

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18
Q

What is a sidereal day?

A

Rotation relative to stars in space is a little faster 23 hrs and 56 mins

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19
Q

Revolution by definition?

A

The movement of the earth around the sun

20
Q

How long does one revolution around the sun take?

A

365 1/4 solar days

21
Q

What is prehelion and aphelion?

A

Prehelion is when the earth is closest to the sun and it is jam 3rd

Aphelion is when the earth is furthest away from the sun and it is July 4th

22
Q

How many degrees tilt is the earth on

A

23.5 degree as it rotates around the sun

23
Q

Seasons are not effected by closeness to the sun but

A

Exposure time to the sun

24
Q

When the northern hemisphere is tilted towards the sun it receives more daylight and therefore

A

The northern hemisphere has its summer

25
Q

Constellations circumpolar: where are they? What do they appear to do?

A

They are found near our poles “really North and really south”. They appear to make coerces in the night sky

26
Q

Rising and setting constellations: where are they? And what do they do?

A

The zodiac ones are found along the Suns path

They are found close to the equator (up to 23.5 degrees away)

They appear and disappear

27
Q

Celestial sphere: what is it?

A

It is one plane used to map the stars

28
Q

What is the ecliptic?

What is the summer soloistice?

What is the winter soloistice?

What is the equinox?

A

Ecliptic=Suns path
Ss= longest day
Ws=shortest day
Equinox=there are 2 and it is where the equator and the Suns path line up

29
Q

——-?
=======equator
——–?

A

—-=tropic of cancer
=======equator
——-=tropic of Capricorn

30
Q

C obese sitin of distant stars: do stars twinkle?

A

No they emit light: paticle and non particle radiation

31
Q

What is non particle radiation?

A

It is light

32
Q

How fast does light travel?

A

300 000 km/s it takes a long time for light to get here

33
Q

How do we measure the outside of our solar system?

A

In light years

The closest star is 4.3 light years away

34
Q

How do we learn about stars?

A

By the ought they emit

35
Q

What is radiation we can see?

A

Visible light

36
Q

What spectrum is the radiation one

A

The electro magnetic spectrum

37
Q

Light travels in?

A

Waves

38
Q

As we move to the right on the spectrum what happens?

If we move the the left what happens?

A

To the right the waves get closer together

To the left the waves get further apart

39
Q

Shorter wavelengths can be

A

More intense and do damage to us

40
Q

From one point on a wave to the next is

A

One wavelengths

41
Q

What is the most common way to observe stars?

A

Using optical telescopes

42
Q

What do all optical telescopes do?

What two kinds of optical scopes are there?

A

They all increase the size of objects and also make objects brighter

There are two kinds the refracting telescope and the reflecting telescope.

43
Q

What the the refracting telescope do?

A

They are good for small portable telescopes

They use lenses to gather light

Refracting telescopes use two convex lenses “max size 1.3 m”

Disadvantage is that you limit how big they can get

44
Q

What is a reflecting telescope

A

Uses mirrors to gather light and 1 lens

Advantages: no limit on size, the bigger the mirror the more light is reflected

Dis advantages: the bigger the more it costs and location, if you want clear picture you need to be outside of the atmosphere

45
Q

What is one of the best telescopes in space?

And 5 facts on it

A

The Hubble telescope

  1. Launched in 1990
  2. Reflecting telescope (mirrors and a lens)
  3. Moves around the earth in 100 minutes
  4. Advantage clear pics because outside of atmosphere
  5. Disadvantages: very costly to fix make and maintain.
46
Q

What is a spectroscope

A

It is used to observe the properties of visible light (roygbiv)

It decides light into component colors

47
Q

What are the three things a spectroscope can do?

A

Identify Star composition

Identify star temperature

Identify star movement “red shift”

science 9 (10 decks)

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