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Fundamentals of Physics > Section 1 > Flashcards

Section 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

In science, an educated guess is a

A

hypothesis.

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2
Q

In science, a theory is: a) an educated guess; b) less than a fact; c) vast synthesis of well-tested hypotheses and facts; d) unchangeable; e) hypothesis of sorts.

A

c) vast synthesis of well-tested hypotheses and facts.

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3
Q

Science is a body of knowledge that: a) describes order in nature; b) is an ongoing activity of humans; c) condenses knowledge into testable laws; d) All of the above choices are correct.

A

d) All of the above choices are correct.

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4
Q

The scientific method is most effective in: a) making hypotheses; b) gaining, organizing, and applying new knowledge; c) discovering new things; d) making theories; e) performing experiments.

A

b) gaining, organizing, and applying new knowledge.

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5
Q

Which of the following is a scientific statement: a) The moon is made of rock. b) There are things we will never know about. c) Matter is filled with undetectable particles. d) There are parts of the universe the twill never be found by man.

A

a) The moon is made of rock.

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6
Q

Physics is: a) the basic science, underlies all the sciences; b) the central science, between chemistry and biology.

A

a) the basic science, underlies all the sciences.

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7
Q

The scientist to first introduce the concept of inertia was

A

Galileo

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8
Q

A table cloth can be pulled out from under a container of milk without topping it if the cloth is pulled quickly. This best demonstrates that

A

the milk carton has inertia.

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9
Q

A man weighing 800 N stands at rest on two bathroom scales so that his weight is distributed evenly over both scales. The reading on each scale is

A

400 N.

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10
Q

A bowling ball is in equilibrium when it: a) is at rest; b) moves steadily in a straight-line path; c) both of the above; d) none of the above.

A

c) both of the above.

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11
Q

A truck is moving at constant velocity. Inside the storage compartment, a rock is dropped from the midpoint of the ceiling and strikes the floor below. The rock hits the floor: a) exactly below the midpoint of the ceiling; b) ahead of the midpoint of the ceiling; c) behind the midpoint of the ceiling; d) More information is needed to solve this problem.

A

a) exactly below the midpoint of the ceiling.

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12
Q

When the string is pulled down slowly (weighted ball between a top string and bottom string), the top string breaks, which best illustrates the: a) weight of the ball; b) mass of the ball; c) volume of the ball; d) density of the ball.

A

a) weight of the ball.

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13
Q

When the string is pulled down quickly (weighted ball between a top string and bottom string), the bottom string breaks, which best illustrates the: a) weight of the ball; b) mass of the ball; c) volume of the ball; d) density of the ball.

A

b) mass of the ball.

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14
Q

The average speed of driving 30 km in 1 hour is the same as the average speed of driving: a) 30 km in 1/2 hour; b) 30 km in 2 hours; c) 60 km in 1/2 hour; d) 60 km in 2 hours.

A

d) 60 km in 2 hours.

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15
Q

When a rocket ship accelerating in outer space runs out of fuel, it: a) accelerates for a short time, then slows down to a constant velocity; b) accelerates for a short time, slows down, and eventually stops; c) no longer accelerates.

A

c) no longer accelerates.

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16
Q

The two measures necessary for calculating average speed are

A

distance and time.

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17
Q

If no external forces are acting on a moving object, it will: a) move faster and faster; b) move at the same velocity continuously; c) move slower and slower until it finally stops; d) move randomly.

A

b) move at the same velocity continuously.

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18
Q

Galileo’s use of inclined planes

A

slowed down the acceleration of free fall.

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19
Q

A car maintains a constant velocity of 100 km/hr for 10 seconds. During this interval its acceleration is

A

zero.

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20
Q

If a car increases its velocity from zero to 60 km/hr in 10 seconds, its acceleration is

A

6 km/h/s.

21
Q

An automobile is accelerating when it is: a) slowing down to a stop; b) rounding a curve at a steady speed; c) both of the above; d) neither of the above.

A

c) both of the above.

22
Q

While an object near the Earth’s surface is in free fall, its: a) acceleration increases; b) velocity increases; c) mass increases; d) mass decreases.

A

b) velocity increases.

23
Q

On earth, if a freely falling object were somehow equipped with a speedometer, its speed reading would increase each second by about

A

10 m/s.

24
Q

A free-falling object has a speed of 30 m/s at one instant. Exactly 1 s later its speed will be

A

40 m/s.

25
Q

While a car travels around a circular track at a constant speed its: a) acceleration is zero; b) inertia is zero; c) velocity is zero; d) none of the above.

A

d) none of the above.

26
Q

A ball tossed vertically upward rises, reaches its highest point, and then falls back to its starting point. During this time the acceleration of the ball is always

A

directed downward.

27
Q

Compared to a 1 kg block of solid iron, a 2 kg block of solid iron has twice as much: a) inertia; b) mass; c) volume; d) all of these; e) none of these.

A

d) all of these.

28
Q

Compared to the mass of a certain object on Earth, the mass of the same object on the moon is: a) one sixth as much; b) the same; c) six times as much; d) zero.

A

b) the same.

29
Q

An object’s weight may properly be expressed in units of: a) meters; b) kilograms; c) newtons.

A

c) newtons.

30
Q

Your weight is: a) equal to your mass; b) the gravitational attraction force between you and the Earth; c) a property of mechanical equilibrium; d) all of these.

A

b) the gravitational attraction force between you and the Earth;

31
Q

The force of friction can occur: a) with sliding objects; b) in water; c) in air; d) all of the above.

A

d) all of the above.

32
Q

Consider a cart pushed along a track with a certain force. If the force remains the same while the mass of the cart decreases to half, the acceleration of the cart

A

doubles (less means means more acceleration).

33
Q

For an action force, there must be a reaction force that

A

is exactly equal in magnitude.

34
Q

Force of a hand accelerates a brick with acceleration x, then twice as much force produces

A

twice as much acceleration.

35
Q

A player catches a ball. Consider the action force to be the impact of the ball against the player’s glove. The reaction to this force is the

A

force the glove exerts on the ball.

36
Q

A player hits a ball with a bat. The action force is the impact of the bat against the ball. The reaction to this force is the

A

force that the ball exerts on the bat.

37
Q

A soccer player kicks a ball with 1500 N of force. The ball exerts a reaction force against the player’s foot of

A

1500 N.

38
Q

As the skydiver falls faster and faster through the air, air resistance

A

increases.

39
Q

A karate chop delivers a blow of 3000 N to a board that breaks. The force that acts on the hand during this event is

A

3000 N.

40
Q

Arnold Strongman and Suzie Small each pull very hard on opposite ends of a massless rope in a tug-of-war. The greater force on the rope is exerted by: a) Arnold, of course; b) Suzie, surprisingly; c) both the same, interestingly enough.

A

c) both the same, interestingly enough.

41
Q

A certain machine is 30% efficient. This means the machine will convert

A

30% of the energy input to useful work–70% of the energy input will be wasted.

42
Q

Coin and feather fall in a vacuum: a) coin and feather fall together; b) coin falls faster; c) feather fall faster; d) both floating and do not fall.

A

a) coin and feather fall together.

43
Q

A moving object has: a) momentum; b) energy; c) speed; d) all of the above.

A

d) all of the above.

44
Q

When the speed of an object is doubled, its momentum

A

doubles.

45
Q

When the speed of an object is doubled; its kinetic energy

A

quadruples.

46
Q

A single moving car at 10 m/s collides with another car of the same mass, m, at rest. After the collision both freight cars couple together, the speed of the coupled cars is (neglect friction)

A

5 m/s

47
Q

Compare to a small car, the distance to bring a truck with double mass, 2 m, moving in same speed to a stop will be

A

doubled.

48
Q

A clerk can lift containers a vertical distance of 1 meter or can roll them up a 2 meter-long ramp to the same elevation. With the ramp, the applied force required is about

A

half as much.

49
Q

When a car is out of control, it is better to hit a haystack than a concrete wall. Because: a) less momentum changes when hitting a haystack; b) same impulse either way, but extension of hitting time reduces the force; c) although the momentum changes are the same, the energy was saved by hitting haystack.

A

b) same impulse either way, but extension of hitting time reduces the force.

Fundamentals of Physics (24 decks)

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