SECONDARY HEMOSTASIS Flashcards
1
Q
SECONDARY HEMOSTASIS Expected product:
A
fibrin clot
2
Q
-involves blood vessel and extravascular tissues
A
VASOCONSTRICTION
3
Q
-needs a signal from CNS → muscular/tissue response → constriction of bv
A
VASOCONSTRICTION
4
Q
-platelet migrates to the site of injury after adhesion
A
VASOCONSTRICTION
5
Q
- Shape changes from normal biconvex to an inactivated form
A
PLATELET ACTIVATION
6
Q
-: known activator for platelet
A
Collagen
7
Q
-: product of primary hemostasis
A
Platelet plug
8
Q
-: activator of coagulation
A
Tissue factor
9
Q
Pathways:
A
10
Q
clotting in vitro
A
Intrinsic
11
Q
exposure of blood to negative surface like glass or plastic
A
Intrinsic
12
Q
FXII is activated
A
Intrinsic
13
Q
in vivo coagulation
A
Extrinsic
14
Q
activator: collagen
A
Extrinsic
15
Q
product: fibrin clot
A
Extrinsic
16
Q
FVII is activated
A
Extrinsic
17
Q
activated by either extrinsic or intrinsic
A
Common
18
Q
FX is activated
A
Common
19
Q
FII is activated to IIA
A
Thrombin
20
Q
All cascade happen to generate thrombin
A
Thrombin
21
Q
Only activator known for fibrinogen
A
Thrombin
22
Q
Activates fibrinogen to fibrin to fibrin clot
A
Thrombin
23
Q
not easily activated unless coagulation factor works altogether or cascade occurs
A
Thrombin
24
Q
enzyme to the reaction of fibrinogen, fibrin, to fibrin clot, marking secondary hemostasis
A
Thrombin
25
fibrin clot → bv starts to heal → clot retracts, but becomes obstruction to blood flow
Thrombin
26
most important enzyme to be generated
Thrombin
27
last enzyme to activate fibrinogen
Thrombin
28
- Plasmin is activated, works on the fibrin clot, and dissolves it by destroying fibrin
FIBRINOLYSIS
29
- Clot is being dissolved
FIBRINOLYSIS
30
plasma proteins (coagulation factors) + TF + Calcium (cofactor; CF IV) → fibrin clot
Coagulation
31
Role of platelet on Coagulation:
-surface area
-formation of platelet-fibrin clot
32
surface area
platelet phospholipid or platelet factor 3 (platelet dust)
33
Fibrin clot → dissolved as BV starts to heal restore normal blood flow
Fibrinolysis
34
bv starts to heal and clot starts retracting
Fibrinolysis
35
: needed to retract clot → retraction of fibrin clot
thrombostenin
36
proteolytic enzyme capable of degrading fibrin, fibrinogen as well as Factor V and VIII
plasmin
37
Plasminogen is activated as
plasmin
38
: activator of plsmin
Tissue plasminogen activator
39
Plasmin is capable of degrading
fibrin, fibrinogen, FV, and FVIII
40
Plasmin cannot degrade [?], a stabilizing factor
CFXIII
41
- enhancer of fibrinolysis
Protein C and Protein S
42
In the circulation:
zymogens/proenzymes
43
: coagulation protein → thrombin → fibrinogen → clot
Activation
44
Classification of Coagulation Factors
45
are the substance upon which enzymes act
Substrates
46
accelerate the activities of the enzymes that are involved in the cascade.
Cofactors
47
Cofactors ex
(TF, V, VIII, HMWK)
48
FVII needs Calcium (CFIV) to activate FX
Cofactors
49
FX needs to activate FV to FVa
Cofactors
50
: o serine proteases and transaminase
Enzymes
51
activated FXII activates the substrate FXI
Enzymes
52
FI (fibrin) creates a fibrin clot and FXIII secures the clot to make it strong
transaminase
53
: in order acc to its discovery
Roman numeral
54
Designated "a":
activated
55
Designated “f":
fragmented factor
56
Fibrinogen
I
57
Thrombin substrate
I
58
2-4 days
I
59
200-400 mg/dl
I
60
Prothrombin
II
61
• Prethrombim
II
62
Serine protease
II
VII
IX
X
XI
XII
PK
63
3 - 4 days
II
64
10 mg/dl
II
65
Tissue factor
III
66
• Tissue Thromboplastin
III
67
Cofactor
III
V
VIII:C
HMWK/HK
68
Lipoprotein found in most of the body tissues
III
69
Insoluble
III
70
none
III
71
Calcium
IV
72
Mineral
IV
73
lonized state
IV
74
8- 10 mg/dl
IV
75
Proaccelerin
V
76
• Labile factor
V
77
• Accelerator globulin
V
78
36 hrs
V
79
Most unstable
V
80
deteriorates rapidly at RT
V
81
1 mg/dl
V
X
VWF
82
Proconvertin
VII
83
• Stable factor
VII
84
• Serum Prothrombin Conversion
VII
85
• Accelerator
VII
86
• Autoprothrombin I
VII
87
3-6 hrs
VII
88
Disappears rapidly from the blood when production is halted (eg. coumarin)
VII
89
0.05 mg/dl
VII
90
Antihemophilic factor (AHF)
VIII:C
91
• Antihemophilic Globulin (AHG)
VIII:C
92
• Antihemophilic Factor A (AHF-A)
VIII:C
93
• Platelet cofactor 1
VIII:C
94
Bound to WWF
VIII:C
95
0.01 mg/dl
VIII:C
96
Plasma thromboplastin component (PTC)
IX
97
• Christmas factor
IX
98
• Antihemophilic Factor B (AHF-B)
IX
99
• Platelet cofactor 2
IX
100
18 - 24 hrs
IX
101
0.3 mg/dl
IX
102
Stuart-Prower factor
X
103
• Stuart factor; Prower factor
X
104
• Autoprothrombin
X
105
40 - 60 hrs
X
106
May be stored up to 2 mons at 4°C
X
107
Plasma thromboplastin antecedent (PTA)
XI
108
• Antihemophilic factor C (AHF C)
XI
109
40 - 70 hrs
XI
110
Circulates in complex with HMWK
XI
111
0.5 mg/dl
XI
112
Hageman factor
XII
113
• Glass factor
XII
114
• Contact factor
XII
115
50 - 70 hrs
XII
116
Heat stable
XII
117
can be stored at 4°C for 3 mons
XII
118
Fibrin stabilizing factor (FSF)
XIII
119
• Laki-Lorand factor
XIII
120
• Fibrinase; Fibrinoligase
XIII
121
• Plasma Transglutaminase
XIII
122
11 - 14 days
XIII
123
2 mg/dl
XIII
124
• Fletcher factor
Prekallikrein (PK)
125
35 hrs
Prekallikrein (PK)
126
35-50mcg/ml
Prekallikrein (PK)
127
• Fitzgerald factor
High Molecular Weight Kininogen (HMWK/HK)
128
Contact activation cofactor
High Molecular Weight Kininogen (HMWK/HK)
129
• William factor
High Molecular Weight Kininogen (HMWK/HK)
130
Falujeac factor
High Molecular Weight Kininogen (HMWK/HK)
131
9 - 10 hrs
High Molecular Weight Kininogen (HMWK/HK)
132
5mg/dl
High Molecular Weight Kininogen (HMWK/HK)
133
Factor VIII carrier
von Willebrand factor
134
Functions in platelet adhesion
von Willebrand factor
135
24hrs
von Willebrand factor
136
Phospholipids, Phosphatidy/serine, PF3
Platelet factor 3
137
Assembly molecule
Platelet factor 3
138
Released by platelets
Platelet factor 3
