MDS PART 1 Flashcards
Results from clonal abnormalities of hematopoietic pluripotential cells
MDS (Myelodysplastic Syndromes)
Group of acquired clonal hematologic disorders characterized by progressive CYTOPENIA defective erythroid, myeloid and
megakaryocytic maturation.
MDS (Myelodysplastic Syndromes)
- “Pre-Leukemias”
MDS (Myelodysplastic Syndromes)
A. Age:______
B. Peripheral blood:___________
C. Myeloid cell lines: __________
D. Clinical course: _______________
Morphologic Abnormalities leading to MDS
1) Dyserythropoiesis
2) Dysmyelopoiesis
3) Dysmegakaryopoiesis
-Evident when RBC precursors has abnormal nucleus, nuclear fragments, internuclear bridging and ring sideroblast.
1) Dyserythropoiesis
-persistence of basophilia in the cytoplasm of WBC
2) Dysmyelopoiesis
–changes include giant platelets and abnormal platelet granulation, either hypogranulation or agranulation.
3) Dysmegakaryopoiesis
Two types of MDS:
a) Primary MDS
b) Therapy Related MDS:
-Environmental exposure
a) Primary MDS
-Mutations caused by chemical, radiation, viral infection or smoking
a) Primary MDS
-Genetic inheritance of hematologic disorders.
a) Primary MDS
- Chemotherapy
b) Therapy Related MDS
- Radiotherapy
b) Therapy Related MDS
- Administration of Cytokines (G-CSF or GM-CSF)
b) Therapy Related MDS
Classification of MDS
FAB CLASSIFICATION
WHO CLASSIFICATION
Retains FAB features
WHO CLASSIFICATION
Recognizes molecular, cytogenetic, and immunologic characteristics
WHO CLASSIFICATION
Removed categories of CMML and RAEB-t and placed them in MDS/MPD and acute leukemia.
WHO CLASSIFICATION
Relies on morphology
FAB CLASSIFICATION
Does not address therapy-related or hereditary forms
FAB CLASSIFICATION
Does not consider childhood MDS
FAB CLASSIFICATION
WHO Classification of MDS
Other WHO Classification
a) Myelodysplastic Syndrome, unclassifiable
b) Childhood MDS
-refers to subtypes of MDS that lacks specific necessary classifications.
a) Myelodysplastic Syndrome, unclassifiable
- refractory cytopenia of childhood (WHO)
b) Childhood MDS
FAB Classification of MDS (RAEBIT)
5% blast ____
20-30% blast ____
Auer rods: ___________
Differential Diagnosis
is not sufficient evidence for MDS
Dysplasia
1) Vitamin B12 or Folate Deficiency:
Pancytopenia and Dysplasia
2) Copper deficiency:
Reversible MDS
3) Fanconi anemia and congenital dyserythropoeitc anemia:
Dysplasia
4) Parvovirus B19 and chemotherapeutic drugs:
Dysplasia
5) HIV:
Dysplasia
