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Physiology I > SCT III - Gastrointestinal Tract: Secretion > Flashcards

SCT III - Gastrointestinal Tract: Secretion Flashcards

1
Q

What is the dominant acini in the sublingual gland?

A

100% Mucus

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2
Q

What is the dominant acini in the submandibular gland?

A

75% Serous
25% Mucus

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3
Q

What is the dominant acini in the parotid gland?

A

100% Serous

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4
Q

What innervates the salivary glands?

A

Facial N. (CN VII)
Glossopharyngeal N. (CN IX)

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5
Q

What is the composition of serous saliva?

A

Amylase
Immune Function
- Lysosyme
- IgA ABs
- Calcium binding proteins

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6
Q

What is the composition of mucus saliva?

A

Mucin

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7
Q

What is the function of saliva?

A
  • Lubrication
  • Bactericidal effects
  • Digestion
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8
Q

Chloride secretion in acinar cells (drawing)

A
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9
Q

How do ducts modify saliva?

A

Na+ & Cl- Reabsorption
K+ & HCO3- Secretion

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10
Q

What happens to the viscosity of the saliva at slow secretion rates?

A

Viscosity ↑

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11
Q

What happens to the viscosity of the saliva at rapid secretion rates?

A

Viscosity ↓

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12
Q

What is the sympathetic regulation of salivary secretion?

A

SNS
- Small amount
- Thick & viscous
- Via β-2 Receptors
- Blocked by -lol (Propanolol) causing dry mouth

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13
Q

What is the parasympathetic regulation of salivary secretion?

A

PNS
- Large amount
- Thin & viscous
- Via mAChR
- Blocked by atropin causing dry mouth

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14
Q

Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction between water and carbon dioxide to later aid in the formation of HCl?

A

Carbonic anhydrase

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15
Q

What type of transport protein is the K+/H+ pump?

A

Primary active transporter

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16
Q

What are the stimulants of HCl production?

A
  1. ACh
  2. Gastrn
  3. Histamine
  4. GRP/Bombasin (via PNS)
17
Q

What are the inhibitors of HCl production?

A
  1. Somatostatin
  2. Prostaglandins
18
Q

What causes stress ulcers?

A

Sympathetic regulation of G-cells to release Gastrin, releasing HCl for no reason (no food)

19
Q

What are the phases of gastric juice production?

A

Cephalic 20-30%
Gastric 60-70%

20
Q

What are the stimulants of pancreatic juice secretion?

A
  1. ACh (mAChR) via Vagus N. (CN X)
  2. CCK (CCK(A))
  3. Secretin
  4. VIP via VD (more blood flow stimulates)
21
Q

What are the inhibitors of pancreatic juice secretion?

A

Somatostatin

22
Q

What are the phases of pancreatic juice production?

A

Cephalic 20%
Gastric 5-10%
Intestinal 70%

23
Q

What are the choleretic effects of bile emptying?

A

Choleretic = control amount

  • Secretin
  • VIP
24
Q

What are the cholekinetic effects of bile emptying?

A

Cholekinetic = control rate

  • CCK
  • ACh (PNS)
  • Fats
  • MgSO4
25
Q

What transport is used to empty bile contents into bile cuniculi in the liver?

A

ABC Transporters

Physiology I (15 decks)

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