Scoliosis Flashcards
What is any lateral deviation of the spine from the midsagital plane?
Scoliosis
What type of curve fails to correct on side-bending?
Structure/Fixed curve
What is the first sign of a Structure/Fixed curve?
early loss of normal flexibility
What type of curve is flexible and diminishes when the patient is recumbent (lying down)?
Non-structural/“functional” curve
With a non-structure/functional curve, what side of the spine would you have to bend towards in order for the spine to be corrected?
towards the convex side
What type of scoliosis involves the Occiput over the Sacrum?
Compensated
What type of scoliosis does NOT involve the occiput over the sacrum and has a poor prognosis?
Uncompensated
What type of idiopathic scoliosis is a rare condition involving 0-3 year olds, accounting for less than 1% of cases of idiopathic scoliosis in North America with males account for 60% of the cases of early-onset scoliosis?
Infantile scoliosis
What type of curve is the most common in Infantile scoliosis?
Left thoracic curve
How many of the cases of early-onset scoliosis resolve spontaneously of infantile scoliosis?
90%
What type of idiopathic scoliosis involves 4-10 year olds, male = female, and most common curve is a right thoracic curve?
Juvenile scoliosis
What type of idiopathic scoliosis involves 10+ year olds, 80-90% of cases are female, and an early sign is loss of ROM just prior to a growth spurt?
Adolescent scoliosis
What age group would be known as early-onset scoliosis?
less than 5 years old
What age group would be known as late-onset scoliosis?
greater than 5 years old
What is the greatest presenting complaint of scoliosis?
Cosmesis
What is the Sexual maturity rating scale?
Tanner scale
What position enhances the curvature to measure any convex rib or lumbar hump?
Adam’s position
In what position will patients affected with a flexible curve be corrected?
lateral flexion and foward bending
What may flexible curves also present with?
short leg on the convex side
What sign is a degree of iliac epiphysis closure?
Risser’s Sign
What method involves drawing a dot in the center of the upper and lower end vertebra, a dot in the center of the apical vertebra and straight lines are drawn from the end-dots through the apical dot and the angle is measured?
Risser-Fergussion method
What kind of curves is the Risser-Fergussion method only used for?
Congenital curves
What kind of method involves a line drawn horizontally through the superior border of the superior end-vertebra, the same is done to the inferior border of the inferior end-vertebra, and Perpendicular lines are then drawn, and the angle of intersection is measured?
Cobb method
Which is the most universally accepted and reproducible of the mensuration techniques?
Cobb method
