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Scientific Process And Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

The three particles that make up atoms are_______

A

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

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2
Q

If an atom contains 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3 electrons, it’s mass number is _____

A

7

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3
Q

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and a different number of _____

A

Neutrons

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4
Q

If an atom contains 11 protons and 12 neutrons, its atomic number is _____

A

11

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5
Q

Which of the following is a substance formed by the chemical joining of two or more elements in definite amounts?

A

Compound

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6
Q

A covalent bond is formed as the result of?

A

Sharing electrons

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7
Q

What type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons?

A

Positive

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8
Q

Water molecules are polar with the ?

A

Oxygen side being slightly negative and the hydrogen side being slightly positive

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9
Q

When salt is dissolved in water, water is the

A

Solvent

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10
Q

A substance with a pH of 5 that releases H ions in solution is called?

A

An avid

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11
Q

Solutions that have more OH- than H+ ions are?

A

Bases

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12
Q

Carbon-12 is the most common isotope of carbon. It has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. Of its 6 electrons, 4 are valence electrons. How many covalent bonds can a carbon atom form?

A

4

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13
Q

Amino acid is to protein as?

A

Simple sugar is to starch

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14
Q 
Which if the following is not a monomer?
A. A glucose molecule
B. An amino acid
C. A nucleotide
D. A protein
A

D. A protein

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15
Q

Identify the reactants in the chemical reaction, CO2+H20–> H2CO3

A

CO2 and H20

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16
Q

The energy needed to get a reaction started is the?

A

Activation energy

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17
Q

A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction is called?

A

A catalyst

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18
Q

Enzymes (biological catalysts) affect the reactions in living cells by changing the?

A

Speed of the reaction

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19
Q

When scientists use some or all of the steps of gathering information and testing hypotheses in order to solve problems they are using?

A

Scientific methodology

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20
Q

A testable explanation for a question or problem is a(n)?

A

Hypothesis

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21
Q 
Which of the following are polymers or macromolecules?
A. Carbohydrates 
B. Nucleus acids
C. Amino acids 
D. All of these
A

D. All of these

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22
Q

What are the basic building blocks of proteins that link together with peptide bonds?

A

Amino acids

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23
Q

When molecules of glucose and fructose (monosaccharides) combine to form sucrose (disaccharide), they do so by?

A

Dehydration synthesis

24
Q

The various enzymes in our bodies are made of ?

25
An experiment is?
A test of a hypothesis
26
Compounds containing carbon that are found in living organisms are called _____ compounds?
Organic
27
How many electrons can a carbon atom share? (How many are in the outer shell?)
Four
28
A chlorine atom becomes a negative chloride up when it?
Gains an electron
29
Carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14 are?
Isotopes
30
The total number of atoms in a molecule of sucrose, C11H22O12 is?
45
31
Information gathered from an experiment observing a plant grow 3 cm over a two-week period is called
Quantitive date
32
During a controlled experiment, a scientist isolates and tests only
One variable at a time
33
Who reviews articles written by scientists for peer-reviewed journals?
Anonymous scientists in the same field
34
A scientist noticed that the number of salamanders in Linda in the Rocky Mountains was declining. This was an?
Observation
35
A substance that is composed of only one type of atom is called a(n)?
Element
36
A molecule like water that has a partial positive charge on one side and a partial negative charge in the other side is called a(n)?
Polar molecule
37
Due to its polarity, weak attractions between water molecules form. They are called?
Hydrogen bonds
38
Polysaccharides are?
Carbohydrates
39
Long chains if amino acids are found in?
Proteins
40
A molecule of water has?
2 polar bonds
41
When added to water how does an acid affect the pH and H+ concentration?
pH decreases while H+ increases
42
Which of the following statements statements about enzymes is not true? A. Enzymes are reusable like a key B. One enzyme can be used for any substrate C. Enzymes are proteins S. The shape of an enzyme allows it to do its job
B. One enzyme can be used for any substrate
43
In humans and other multicellular organisms, which substance plays a control role as a quick energy source?
Carbohydrate
44
What type of electron is available to form bonds?
Valence or outer shell
45
A hypothesis is?
A testable possible explanation of a given problem
46
Water is a polar molecule bc?
Different parts of the molecule have slightly different charges due to oxygen hogging electrons
47
The two types of nucleus acids are?
DNA and rna
48
What causes the overall charge of a neutral atom to be zero?
An equal number of protons and electrons
49
When hear energy is released in a reaction the reaction is said to be?
Exothermic
50
In what type of reaction are bonds broken, atoms rearranged and bonds reformed?
Chemical
51
Polymers, in general, are composed of ?
Monomers
52
Nuclei acids, like DNA, are composed of what?
Nucleotides
53
Lipids are composed of what?
Fatty acids and glycerol
54
Atoms of elements shown in the periodic table have a _____ charge?
Neutral
55
The amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction is called what?
Activation energy
56
When an enzyme bonds with its substrate, the activation energy needed for the chemical reaction to occur _____
Decreases

Biology (9 decks)

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