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Biology > Cell And Cell Transport > Flashcards

Cell And Cell Transport Flashcards

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1
Q

The plasma membrane contains channels that help move materials from one side to the other. What are these chemicals made of?

A

Proteins

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2
Q

An animal cell that is surrounded by distilled water will burst because osmosis causes??

A

Water to move into the cell

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3
Q

Which organelle breaks down worn out cell parts into particles the cell can use?

A

Lysosome

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4
Q

Which sequence correctly traces the path of a protein from production to export in the cell?
A.rough er, golgi app., released from cell
B. Lysosome, smooth er, chloroplast
C. Smooth er, lysosome, golgi app.
D. Mitochondria, rough er, plasma membrane

A

A.

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5
Q

Which organelle is the site of cellular respiration where energy is released from sugars and other molecules?

A

Mitochondrion

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6
Q

Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?

A

Chloroplast

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7
Q

Prokaryotic cells lack?

A

Membrane bound organelles

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8
Q

Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane?
A. Breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins from foods
B. Stores water, salt, proteins, and carbohydrates
C. Keeps the cell wall in place
D. Regulates which materials enter and leave the cell

A

D. Regulates which materials enter and leave the cell

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9
Q

Diffusion is the net movement of molecules from?

A

An area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

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10
Q

Which organelle makes proteins using instruction that one from the DNA in the nucleus?

A

Ribosomes on the rough er

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11
Q

What are the three main ideas of the cell theory?

A
  1. All organisms are composed of cells
  2. Cell is the basic unit of organization in organisms
  3. All cells come from preexisting cells
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12
Q

If a cell contains a nucleus like your cheek cell, it must be a(n)?

A

Eukaryotic cell

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13
Q

Because cells have a watery environment both inside with the cytoplasm and outside, the polar ends of the phospholipids in the plasma form _____ layers?

A

Double

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14
Q

The fluid Mosaic model describes a structure with?

A

Polar layers on the outside and nonpolar layers on the inside

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15
Q

Diffusion occurs because?

A

Molecules constantly move due to Kinetic energy and collide with each other

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16
Q

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called?

A

Osmosis

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17
Q

Which best describes the structures of a cell membrane?

A

Proteins sandwiched between two layers of phospholipid

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18
Q

Animal cell put in a hypotonic solution will?

A

Swell and possibly undergo lysis

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19
Q

Proteins are secreted from the cell when a vesicle containing the proteins fuses with the plasma membrane and dumps its contents outside the cell. This process is called?

A

Exocytosis

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20
Q

Short hair like structures on the surface of cells lining the respiratory tract that sweep mucus and debris out are called?

A

Cilia

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21
Q

The rupture of which organelle would cause a cell to die?

A

Lysosome

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22
Q

Cell membranes consist mainly of?

A

Phospholipid molecules

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23
Q

A substance that moves by passive transport tends to move?

A

To an area of lower concentration

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24
Q

Who used a compound microscope to see chambers within cork and named them cells?

A

Robert Hooke

25
Q

The work of Schleiden and Schwann can be summarized by saying that?

A

All plants and animals are made of cells

26
Q

If cells are placed in a stronger sugar solution, water will?

A

Pass from the cells to the sugar solution

27
Q

The scientist who made lenses and first described living cells as seen through a simple microscope was?

A

van Leeuwenhoek

28
Q

Because the phospholipid molecules and some proteins are free to move, the plasma membrane is said to be a?

A

Fluid Mosaic

29
Q

A cells contents would be the same as its surrounds, were it not for?

A

Selective permeability

30
Q

If an atom contains 11 protons and 12 neutrons, it’s atomic number is?

A

11

31
Q

What type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons?

A

Positive

32
Q

Water molecules are polar, with the?

A

Oxygen side to being slightly negative and the hydrogen side being slightly positive

33
Q

The primary function of the cell wall is to?

A

Support and protect the cell

34
Q

Which of the following lead to the discovery of cells: electricity, computers, microscopes, or calculators?

A

Microscopes

35
Q

Which of the following is part of the cell theory : all living things are made of one cell, cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms, most cells arise from existing cells, cells are non living units that make up organisms?

A

Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in organisms

36
Q

Only eukaryotic cells have?

A

Membrane-bound organelles

37
Q

The organelles associated with plant photosynthesis are the?

A

Chloroplasts

38
Q

Which of the following is an example of a prokaryotic cell: chloroplast, fungus, bacterium, or muscle cell?

A

Bacterium

39
Q

Unlike passive transport, active transport?

A

Requires energy

40
Q

What are the basic building blocks of proteins?

A

Amino acids

41
Q

Looking at a sale under a microscope, you know that it is a prokaryote. How do you know?

A

The cell lacks a nucleus

42
Q

Unlike the cell membrane, the cell wall is?

A

A rigid structure

43
Q

Which of the following structures serves as a boundary from its environment: mitochondrion, cell membrane, chloroplast, or channel protein?

A

Cell membrane

44
Q

Which term describes the relatively constant internal physical conditions of an organism: cell specialization, homeostasis, organ system, or unicellularity?

A

Homeostasis

45
Q

Chloroplasts are organelles that convert light energy to sugars. These organelles are found only implants. Which organelles are found only in animals?

A

Lysosomes

46
Q

At which point in the process of that fusion is dynamic equilibrium reached?

A

When there is continuous movement but no change

47
Q

Algal cells are placed in an isotonic solution. Additional amounts of solutes are slowly added to the solution. What happens to the cells?

A

They will burst

48
Q

Phospholipid molecules in the membrane are arranged with their ____ on the exterior and their ____ on the interior of the cell?

A

Hydrophobic head/hydrophilic tails

49
Q

In osmosis, water always moves towards the ____ solution that is, toward the solution with the ____ solute concentration.

A

Hypertonic/greater

50
Q

If a cell is like a factory, that enzymes on the ribosomes are like?

A

The machines

51
Q

A plant cell is placed in a solution who solute concentration is twice as great as the concentration of the cell cytoplasm. The membrane allows water but not solutes to pass through. What will happen to the cell?

A

Cell will plasmolyze

52
Q

A white blood cell is capable of producing and releasing thousands of antibody molecules every second. These are large protein molecules. How do you expect them to leave the cell?

A

Exocytosis

53
Q

The site were Robosomes assemble prior to their migration into the cytoplasm is the?

A

Nucleolus

54
Q

Secretory vesicles are produced by?

A

Golgi apparatus

55
Q

White blood cells that take a bacteria and destroy them would be expected to have large amounts of?

A

Lysosomes

56
Q

Which of these cells would have the largest number of mitochondria: bone cells, muscle cells, fat cells, blood cells, or skin cells?

A

Muscle cells

57
Q

Solutions injected into tissues or into the circulatory system must be ____ to prevent crenation or swelling of cells?

A

Isotonic

58
Q

When carrier molecules move substances against or up the concentration gradient this is referred to as?

A

Active transport

Biology (9 decks)

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