Science Week 1 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the term Chemistry?
A
- study of matter and the interactions between and within matter
2
Q
Atom, Element, Molecule, Compound
A
- smallest unit of an identifiable substance
- all the types of atoms
- “building blocks of matter”
- two or more atoms bonded together
- molecule made up of two or more element types
3
Q
Structure of the Atom
A
- tiny central nucleus —> made up of protons/neutrons
- electrons orbit in specific regions around nucleus
Strong Nuclear Force —> quark exchange —> holds nucleus together
Weak Nuclear Force —> radioactive stability of the nucleus
Electrostatic Force/Centripetal Force —> keeps electrons orbiting
Valence Shell —> outermost level containing electrons
4
Q
Neutral Atom, Ion, Atomic Number, Mass Number, Atomic Mass
A
- number of protons = number of electrons
- charged atom
- lose electrons = positive
- gain electrons = negative
- number of protons defines the element
- elements with different number of neutrons to protons
- e.g Carbon
- protons + neutrons
- the mass of 1 mole of atoms
- considering the relative abundance of each isotope
- 1 mole = 6.023 * 10^23 particles
5
Q
Periodic Table
A
- structured list of all known elements
- Along the line —> Metalloids/Semi-metals
- Left —> Metals - loses electrons
- Right —> Non-Metals - gains electrons
6
Q
Group 18
A
- non-reactive
- do not bond to form molecules
- full valence shell, neutral and stable
7
Q
Reactive and Radioactive
A
- tendency to react —> bond
- dives away/accepts electrons to create full levels
- nucleus emits particles to become stable
8
Q
Chemical and Nuclear Reactions
A
- atoms remain the same
- bonding between electrons change
- nucleus/atoms change
9
Q
Properties of Metals
A
- lustrous (Shiny)
- ductile
- malleable
- conducts heat/electricity well
10
Q
Properties of Non-Metals
A
- dull
- brittle
- does not conduct heat/electricity
