Science Vocab Flashcards
What is a chromosome?
A threadlike structure in a cell nucleus that carries genes.
What is DNA? (deoxyribonucleic acid)
A biological molecule found in the cell nucleus that carries genetic information.
What is DNA composed of?
Sugar, phosphate, and four different bases.
What are the four different bases in DNA?
Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine, and Thymine.
What is a gene?
A segment of DNA located at a specific place on a chromosome, each contain the information to produce protein.
What is a gene mutation?
A change in the specific order of the A, G, C and T bases to make up the particular gene.
What is gene therapy?
A technique developed to alter mutated genes in order to make them function normally.
What is a mutagen?
A substance or factor that can cause mutations in the DNA.
What is a negative mutation?
A mutation that harms an organism.
What is a neutral mutation?
A mutation that does not effect an organism.
What is the nucleolus?
A membrane-free organelle that floats in the interior of the nucleus and makes ribosomes.
What is the nucleus?
An organelle that controls all the activities with in a cell.
What is a positive mutation?
A mutation that benefits an organism.
What is a protein?
An essential material required for the cell to carry out the activities necessary for it’s survival.
