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Science > Science V4 > Flashcards

Science V4 Flashcards

1
Q

A researcher collects high-resolution photographs of the Earth taken from outer space at annual intervals for the last decade. This data would be most useful to analyze which of the following?
Deforestation in the rainforest
Human movement during crises
Migration patterns of large whales
Weather patterns during hurricanes

A

Deforestation in the rainforest

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2
Q

Which of the following is a property of water?
Water is made up of one molecule of hydrogen and two molecules of oxygen.
Water dissolves polar and ionic compounds.
Water reguires less heat than ethanol to raise its temperature.
Solid water is more dense than liquid water.

A

Water, dissolves, polar, and ionic compounds

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3
Q

Which of the following body cavities is subdivided into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?
Cranial
Vertebral
Ventral
Dorsal

A

Ventral

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4
Q

Which of the following describes the function of tendons?
Tendons attach bones to ligaments.
Tendons attach two bones.
Tendons attach skeletal muscles to ligaments.
Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bone.

A

Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bones

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5
Q

Which of the following bases is found in RNA but is absent from DNA?
Uracil
Cytosine
Thymine
Adenine

A

Uracil

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6
Q

Histones are proteins associated with which of the following?
Blood
Hair follices
Sperm cells
DNA

A

DNA

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7
Q

Which of the following structures is a flap of cartilage that prevents the movement of food into the trachea?
Larynx
Epiglottis
Pharynx
Glottis

A

Epiglottis

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8
Q

If a portion of a strand of DNA bases reads S’ AGCTAGCGT 3’, what would the sequence of bases on the complementary strand read?
5 TCGUTCGCU 3
3 TCGATCGCA 5
3 AGCTAGCGT S’
SUCGAUCGCA 3’

A

3 TCGATCGCA 5

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9
Q

Which of the following occurs during inhalation?
The ribcage lowers.
The volume of the thoracic cavity decreases.
Air moves from areas of low pressure to areas of high pressure.
The diaphragm moves downward.

A

The diaphragm moves downward

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10
Q

Which of the following statements correctly describes the change in coat coloring of an Arctic fox from brown in summes
Neither the phenotype nor the genotype of the fox changes.
The fox’s phenotype changes, but the genotype does not.
The fox’s genotype changes, but the phenotype does not.
Both the phenotype and genotype of the fox change.

A

The foxes phenotype changes, but the genotype does not

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11
Q

Which of the following describes why water has a concave, or downward-curving, meniscus when poured in a glass beaker?
The adhesive forces with the glass are greater than the cohesive forces.
The cohesive forces with the glass are greater than the adhesive forces.
Glass has a higher density than water.
Water has a higher density than glass.

A

The adhesive forces with the glass are greater than the cohesive forces

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12
Q

Which of the following is a function of a catalyst?
To increase the product yield
To increase the activation energy of a reaction
To increase the rate of a reaction
To convert a nonspontaneous reaction to a spontaneous reaction

A

To increase the rate of a reaction

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13
Q

Which of the following body systems develops from the same origin tissues as the lungs?
Neuromuscular system
Gastrointestinal system
Genitourinary system
Musculoskeletal system

A

Genitourinary system

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14
Q

Which of the following is a weakness of a correlational study?
Inability to control independent variables
Cannot be replicated
Too many variables to control
Cannot determine causation

A

Cannot determine causation

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15
Q

Lifelong protection after exposure to a virus such as chickenpox is due to which of the following types of immunity?
Active
Nonspecific
Transplantation
Innate

A

Active

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16
Q

A mutation of a portion of a DNA molecule changed the resulting mRNA sequence from AUU.
GGG-UUC to CUU-GGG-UUC. Using the table below, predict the resulting amino acid sequence.
From Met-Gly-Leu to Leu-Gly-Phe
From tle-Gly-Phe to Leu-Gly-Phe

A

From tle-Gly-Phe to Leu-Gly-Phe

17
Q

The following diagram summarizes the carbonic acid-bicarbonate lon buffer system of the blood.
CO_(2) +H 2O leftrightarrow H 2 CO 3 leftrightarrow HCO 3 - +H^ +
Which of the following equations shows the reaction that takes place when there are excessive protons (H * ) in the blood?
H_(2)CO_(3) → CO_(2) + H_(2)0
CO_(2) + H_(2)O -> H_(2)CO_(3)
H_(2)C*O_(3) HCO 3^ - +H^ +
НСО 3 - + H+ > H2CO(3)

A

НСО 3 - + H+ > H2CO(3)

18
Q

A scientist predicts that germinating beans will use more oxygen than non-germinating beans.
This prediction following?
A hypothesis
Data collection
A conclusion
An observation

A

A hypothesis

19
Q

An equal mass of which of the following states of matter could completely fill either a 100 ml. or 500 mL. container?
Solid
Gas
Mixture
Liquid

A

Gas

20
Q

Carbohydrates are composed of which of the following?
Amino acids
Monosaccharides
Isoprenoids
Nucleic acids

A

Monosaccharides

21
Q

The shortening of a sarcomere in skeletal muscle is directly due to the interaction of which of the following?
Acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase
Dynein and kinesin
Myosin and actin
Pepsin and pepsinogen

A

Myosin and actin

22
Q

A vasectomy is a procedure in which the vas deferens are cut. Which of the following describes why a vasectomy leads to infertility?
The vasectomy blocks the movement of sperm from a testis into the epididymis
The vasectomy blocks the movement of sperm from the epididymis into the urethra
The vasectomy blocks the movement of sperm from the ejaculatory duct into the bulbourethral gland
The vasectomy blocks the movement of sperm from the prostate gland to the bulbourethral gland

A

The vasectomy blocks the movement of sperm from the epididymis into the urethra

23
Q

During muscle contraction, myosin is directly responsible for which of the following?
Releasing calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Binding to troponin molecules
Forming cross bridges with actin molecules
Initiating an action potential along the sarcolemma

A

Forming cross bridges with actin molecules

24
Q

Which of the following best describes adaptive immunity?
The initiation of internal defenses, such as phagocytes and natural killer cells
The body’s barmer defenses, such as mucous membranes and secretions
The initiation of the inflammatory response
A response to specific traits of specific pathogens

A

A response to specific traits of specific pathogens

25
Q

Which of the following is an example of active transport?
Aquaporins in kidney cells that help concentrate urine
Movement of sodium and potassium across the cell membrane against their concentration gradients
Loss of water from a cell in a hypertonic solution
Movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

A

Movement of sodium and potassium across the cell membrane against their concentration gradients

26
Q

Which of the following describes the process by which solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) turns directly into carbon dioxide gas?
Evaporation
Condensation
Deposition
Sublimation

A

Sublimation

27
Q

A student investigating the importance of wavelengths above and below the visible spectrum for photosynthesis sets up an experiment as follows ever a 2-month period, all with illumination at 1 meter distance from plants grown with the same seil and watering conditions
3 Arabidopsis plants exposed to ultraviolet light (UV 3 Arebidopsis plants exposed to infrared
light (IR)
3 Arabidopsis plants exposed to white light
At the end of the experiment, she finds that the Ik treated plants are scorched, the UV treated plants have wilted, but the whits light-treated plants are growing normally.
Which of the following statements is most likely to be correct?
Infrared light contains more energy than the other wavelengths.
The wavelength of light does not affect photosynthesis.
Wavelength of light is the only variable that has been changed between groups.
Three plants do not provide suficient replications to draw a conclusion.

A

Wavelength of light is the only variable that has been changed between groups

28
Q

Which of the following is true if Koch’s postulates are met regarding a disease?
The disease is hereditary.
The disease is noninfectious
The disease is the result of a dietary deficiency
The disease is caused by a microorganism

A

The disease is caused by a microorganism

29
Q

Which of the following layers of skin contains glands and hair follicles?
Stratum lucidum
Hypodermis
Stratum corneum
Dermis

A

Dermis

30
Q

Which of the following vessels is responsible for carrying blood from the upper body to the right
atrium of the heart
Superior vena cava
Pulmonary veins
Pulmonary arteries
Aorta

A

Superior vena cava

31
Q

Carbon has an atomic number of 6. Which of the following is true about the isotope C-12?
C-12 possesses 7 protons and 5 neutrons in its nucleus
C-12 possesses 6 protons and 6 electrons in its nucleus
C-12 possesses 7 neutrons and 5 electrons in its nucleus.
C-12 possesses 6 neutrons and 6 protons in its nucleus

A

C-12 possesses 6 protons and 6 electrons in its nucleus

32
Q

Which of the following elements has the smallest atomic radius?
Sn
Si
C
Ge

A

C

33
Q

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. Which of the following describes the resulting osmosis?
There is a net flow of water out of the cell.
There is a net flow of water into the cell
There is no flow of water.
The net flow of water into and out of the cell is zero.

A

There is a net flow of water out of the cell.

34
Q

Permanent damage to which of the following types of tissue in the spinal cord will cause paralysis?
Nervous tissue
Muscle tissue
Connective tissue
Bone tissue

A

Nervous tissue

35
Q

When an ionic salt is dissolved in water, the lons c * o_{3} ^ 2 and K ^ + are formed. Which of the following is the formula for the salt?
К2СО3-
KC0(3)
K(1)C*012)
K (C*0(3)) 2

A

К2СО3-

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