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7th Grade > Science U1 L5 Homeostasis & Cell Processes > Flashcards

Science U1 L5 Homeostasis & Cell Processes Flashcards

1
Q

what does the word part photo mean?

A

light

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2
Q

what does the word part synthesis mean?

A

to make

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3
Q

Homeostasis

A

the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment

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4
Q

What are the four things that cells can do to maintain homeostasis?

A
  1. obtain & use energy
  2. make new cells
  3. exchange materials
  4. eliminate wastes
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5
Q

Describe one way that unicellular organisms can maintain homeostasis.

A

the cell membrane and other parts of the cell regulate what materials get into and out of the cell.

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6
Q

How do the multicellular organisms differ in the way that they must maintain homeostasis?

A

the cells must work together to maintain homeostasis for the entire organisms

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7
Q

Give an example of how multicellular organisms work together to maintain homeostasis.

A 
Cardiovascular system (heart, blood vessels, blood) or
plants have two types of vascular tissue that work together to transport system  (Xylem & phloem)
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8
Q

Xylem

A

tissue that transports water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant

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9
Q

Phloem

A

transports food made within plant cells

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10
Q

What do cells need in order to perform cell functions?

A

energy

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11
Q

The process in which plants, algae and some bacteria make their own food is called what?

A

photosynthesis

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12
Q

Where does photosynthesis take place in the cell?

A

chloroplasts

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13
Q

the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food is called what?

A

cellular respiration

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14
Q

plants, animals, and most other organisms use what to get energy from food?

A

cellular respiration

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15
Q

Nearly all oxygen around us is made by what?

A

photosynthesis

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16
Q

Cellular respiration produces which two byproducts?

A

oxygen and carbon dioxide

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17
Q

How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration linked?

A

Oxygen is made by photosynthesis and animals & plants use oxygen during cel resp to break down food. CO2 is also produced by photosynthesis and is used in cel resp to make sugars

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18
Q

__(a)__ + CO2 =(with sunlight) __(b)__ + oxygen

(c) what is the name of this process?

A

a-water
b-sugar
c-photosynthesis

19
Q

sugar + __(a)__ = water + __(b)__ + energy

(c) what is the name of this process?

A

a-oxygen
b-CO2
c-cellular respiration

20
Q

water + (a) =(with sunlight) sugar + (b)

(c) what is the name of this process?

A

a-CO2
b-oxygen
c-photosynthesis

21
Q

__(a)__ + oxygen = __(b)__ + CO2 + __(c)__

(d) what is the name of this process?

A

a- sugar
b- water
c- energy
d-cellular respiration

22
Q

Describe the process of cell division in eukaryotes

A
  1. DNA is packaged up into chromosomes
  2. equal numbers of chromosomes are separated
  3. nucleus splits to form two identical nuclei (mitosis)
  4. the rest of the cell divides
23
Q

how do new cells in plants form?

A

a cell pate forms and the cell splits into two cells

24
Q

how do new animal cells in animals form?

A

the cell membrane pinches inward through the cell to form two new cells

25
Q

the exchange of materials between a cell and its environment takes place where?

A

cell membrane

26
Q

what characteristic of the cell membrane allows only certain particles to cross into our out of the cell?

A

semi-permeable

27
Q

in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes

A

mitosis

28
Q

the movement of particles across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell

A

passive transport

29
Q

the movement of molecules from high concentrations to low concentrations

A

diffusion

30
Q

The diffusion of water through a semi permeable membrane

A

osmosis

31
Q

diffusion

A

the movement of molecules from high concentrations to low concentrations

32
Q

passive transport

A

the movement of particles across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell

33
Q

osmosis

A

The diffusion of water through a semi permeable membrane

34
Q

Does it usually require energy for something to move from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration

A

no

35
Q

Does it typically require energy for materials to move from areas of low concentration to higher concentration?

A

yes

36
Q

the movement of particles against a concentration gradient

A

Active transport

37
Q

Some large particle that do not fit through the protein channels may require active transport across cell membranes by a process called _______ & _______.

A

endocytosis & exocytosis

38
Q

endocytosis

A

process by which a cell uses energy to surround a particle and enclose the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell

39
Q

Vesicles

A

sacs formed from pieces of the cell membranes

40
Q

exocytosis

A

when particles are enclosed in a vesicle and released from a cell (opposite of endocytosis)

41
Q

Food is made during __(a)__. Energy is produced from food during __(b)__.

A

a-photosynthesis

b-cellular respiration

42
Q

_______ uses energy to release particles from a cell

A

Active transport

43
Q

the change in leaf color on trees is one way the trees can maintain _____?

A

homeostasis (the leaved drop off so that the branches can retain more water, chlorophyll breaks down close to autumn

44
Q

Hod do you think the change in chlorophyll levels is a response to changes in the length of day from summer to fall?

A

The days in the summer are longer than the days in the fall. In the summer they get more pigments because of more energy.

7th Grade (14 decks)

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