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7th Grade > Science: Mitosis > Flashcards

Science: Mitosis Flashcards

1
Q

T/F Single cell organisms can reproduce by cell division.

A

True

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2
Q

T/F The only function of cell division is reproduction

A

False

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3
Q

T/R In multi-cellular organisms, cell division can help repair injured areas

A

True

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4
Q

T/F Cell division produces two cells that are different from each other.

A

False

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5
Q

what does the word part cyto mean?

A

hollow vessel

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6
Q

what does the word part kinesis mean?

A

division

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7
Q

Explain how cell division may take place for different reasons in unicellular org vs. multicellular org.

A

Unicellular-reproduction

Multicellular-growth, development, repair and reproduction

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8
Q

Describe asexual reproduction.

A
  • Occurs in unicellular organisms and some multicellular org

- a parent org buds, producing offspring.

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9
Q

What is the name of genetic material in a cell?

A

DNA

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10
Q

What does DNA stand for?

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

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11
Q

What determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live?

A

DNA

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12
Q

What contains instructions for an organisms growth, development, and activities?

A

DNA

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13
Q

Describe the functions of DNA.

A
  1. Determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live
  2. Contains instructions for an organisms growth, development, and activities
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14
Q

Where is DNA found in a eukaryotic cell?

A

nucleus

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15
Q

What is chromatin?

A

Where DNA and proteins exist for most of a cell’s life cycle

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16
Q

A duplicated chromosome consists of two identical structures called what?

A

chromatids

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17
Q

What are chromatids held together by?

A

centromere

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18
Q

A duplicated chromosome is made of?

A

Two chromatids

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19
Q

What are the tree stages of a cell cycle?

A

Interphase, Mitosis and Cytokinesis

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20
Q

What is the name of the cell cycle during which the cell is not dividing?

A

Interphase

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21
Q

What happens during interphase?

A
  • cell is not dividing
  • cell grows to about twice the size
  • produces organelles
  • still engages in normal life activities (transport & getting rid of wastes)
  • Changes in this phase prepare it for division
22
Q

The part of the cell cycle during which the nucleus divides.

A

Mitosis

23
Q

Do prokaryotes undergo mitosis? How do you know?

A

No because they don’t have a nucleus.

24
Q

What is the end product of Mitosis?

A

Two nuclei that are identical to the original nucleus. (two identical sets of chromosomes with tow separate nuclei.

25
Q

What part of the cell cycle involves division of the parent cell’s cytoplasm.

A

Cytokinesis

26
Q

When does cytokinesis begin?

A

the last step of mitosis

27
Q

Describe how cytokinesis happens.

A

the cell membrane pinches inward between the new nuclei

28
Q

Describe how cytokinesis happens in a cell with a cell wall.

A

A cell plate forms and becomes cell membranes that separate the new cells. The new cell walls form where the plate was.

29
Q

In what cell phase does the cell spend the most time?

A

Interphase

30
Q

In what part of the cell cycle is the cell not dividing?

A

Interphase

31
Q

What are the four phases of mitosis?

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

32
Q

During this phase, the chromatin in the nucleus of a cell condenses and becomes visible under a microscope

A

Prophase

33
Q

During this phase, each chromosome consists of two chromatids held together by a centromere and the membrane around the nucleus breaks down

A

Prophase

34
Q

During this phase, chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. The centromeres of the chromosomes are the same distance from each side the cells

A

Metaphase

35
Q

During this phase, the chromatids separate, they are pulled to opposite sides of the cell.

A

Anaphase

36
Q

During this phase, each side of the cell ends up with a complete set of chromosomes

A

Anaphase

37
Q

This is the last phase of mitosis

A

Telophase

38
Q

During this phase, a new nuclear membrane forms around each group of chromosomes

A

Telophase

39
Q

During this phase the cell will have two identical nuclei and the chromosomes become less condensed

A

Telophase

40
Q

During this phase cytokinesis begins

A

Telophase

41
Q

Three reasons that cells divide are?

A

reproduction, growth & repair

42
Q

They lack nuclei, so prokaryotes do not undergo ________?

A

Mitosis

43
Q

The cell produces organelles during which phase?

A

Interphase

44
Q

________ results in the formation of two new cells.

A

Cytokinesis

45
Q

Loose chromatin is compacted into ___a____, each of which has two ____b____ that are held together by a centromere.

A

a- chromosomes

b- chromatids

46
Q

_______ provides the information for cell growth and function.

A

DNA

47
Q

The cell spends most of its time in the ______ stage of the cell cycle

A

Interphase

48
Q

After ________, the nucleus of the parent cell has divided into two new nuclei.

A

Mitosis

49
Q

A _______ is the condensed visible form of chromatin

A

Chromosomes

50
Q

Describe the difference between division of a single-celled and multicellular organism

A

Unicellular organisms go through asexual reproduction with budding from the parent cell. Muliticellular organisms go through mitosis.

51
Q

Starting with prophase, what is the order of the phases of mitosis.

A

Prophase Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

7th Grade (14 decks)

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