Science Lesson 2 Flashcards
Formula for Water
H20
H
Hydrogen
O
Oxygen
What does the word part a- stand for
not
what does the word part tom stand for
to cut
Atom
smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element
The matter that you encounter every day, both living and nonliving, is made up of basic particles called _________.
Atoms
Different types of atoms are known as ____________.
Elements
Which element makes up most of the human body?
Oxygen
molecule
a group of atoms that are held together by chemical bonds
a substance made up of two or more elements joined by chemical bonds
compound
Are all molecules made up of the same atoms?
No some are made of the same atoms and some are made of different once (eg compound)
What are some examples of nutrients?
lipids, proteins and carbogydrates
lipid
Fat molecule that has similar properties
Do lipids mix with water?
No
What do lipids do?
store energy
Protien
molecule made up of smaller molecules called amino acids
What are amino acids used for?
To make new proteins
What are proteins used for?
to build and repair body structures and to regulate body processes
Enzymes
Proteins that help chemical processes happen in cells.
Carbohydrates
molecules that include sugars, starches, and fiber.
What are carbohydrates used for?
a source of energy and for energy storage
cells break down carbohydrates to release energy stored in them
Nucleic acid
molecule that carries information in cells
Nucleic acids are made up of smaller molecules called ________________.
nucleotides
What is one example of a type of nucleic acid found in all cells?
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
A lipid that contains phosphorus is called _________
phospholipid
What forms much of the cell membrane?
Phospholipids
Describe the phospholipid layers.
The head of the phospholipid molecules attract water and the tails repel water. The heads line up to face the outside of the cell and another layer of heads line up to face the inside.
Water moves through the cell membrane by a process called _____________?
osmosis
How does water move using osmosis?
Moves from high concentration to low concentration.
A cell membrane is made of phospholipid atoms/molecules?
molecules
The tail of the phospholipid is made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms/molecules?
atoms
A(n) _____________________ is a group of atoms joined by chemical bonds.
molecule
What is the difference between atoms and molecules?
molecules are groups of atoms
Name four important types of molecules found in cells.
lipid
protein
carbohydrates
nucleic acid
Why is water important for life?
It makes up nearly 2/3 of mass of the cell.
How are atoms and molecules important to cell processes?
molecules make up the cell membranes, atoms join to make water molecules
