Science quest 2

Question 1

3 subatomic particles and their charge:

Answer 1

Protons (positive)
Neutrons (neutral)
Electrons (negative)

Question 2

Where are protons found in an atom?

Answer 2

In the nucleus

Question 2

Where are neutrons found in an atom?

Answer 2

In the nucleus

Question 4

Where are electrons found in an atom?

Answer 4

In energy levels (orbitals) around the nucleus

Question 5

Order of scientists discoveries:

Answer 5

Democritus, Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr, Chadwick

Question 6

Democritus

Answer 6

The indivisible particle . Matter is made of tiny pieces that cannot be broken down.

Question 7

Dalton

Answer 7

The billiard ball model. Atoms of an element are identical.

Question 8

Thomson

Answer 8

Chocolate chip cookie model. Atoms are mainly composed of positively charged material in the shape of a sphere.

Question 9

Rutherford

Answer 9

The nuclear model. Nucleus is surrounded by mostly empty space.

Question 10

Bohr

Answer 10

Bohr- rutherford model. Electrons surround the nucleus in specific energy levels.

Question 11

Chadwick

Answer 11

The planetary model. The nucleus contains neutral particles along with positively charged particles.

Question 12

Which letter is capital when an element has 2 letters?

Answer 12

The first one

Question 13

Elements vs Compounds:

Answer 13

Elements: A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

Compound: 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio.

Question 14

Valance electrons

Answer 14

electrons in the outermost level

Question 15

Group

Answer 15

Vertical column of a periodic table

Question 16

Period

Answer 16

Horizontal row of a periodic table

Question 17

How to get neutrons?

Answer 17

Atomic mass - Protons

Question 18

5 Metal properties

Answer 18

Solid (except mercury)
Shiny
Good Conductor
Malleable
Ductile

Question 19

5 Non- Metal properties

Answer 19

Solid, Liquid, Gas
Dull (not shiny)
Poor conductors (insulators)
Brittle (if solid)
Not ductile

Question 20

Metalloids

Answer 20

In between metals and non-metals. They share properties with metals and non-metals.

Question 21

What is this element in Standard atomic notation?

Li
P- 3
E-3
N-4

Answer 21

7
Li
3

Question 22

Isotope

Answer 22

Atoms of the same element that have different number of neutrons.

Question 23

How is carbon dating used to determine how old a fossil is?

Answer 23

When something dies, the C-14 starts to go away and the C-12 stays the same. Scientists look at the ratio between C-14 and C-12 and can see how many years have passed since it has dies.

Question 24

Trends of Valance electrons in groups and periods.

Answer 24

Groups: Stays the same
Period: Increases by 1

Question 25

Trends of Orbitals in groups and periods.

Answer 25

Groups: Increase by 1
Periods: Stays the same

Question 26

How are elements arranged on the periodic table?

Answer 26

By mass and how many protons are in their nucleus

Question 27

How are elements grouped?

Answer 27

Into families with similar physical and chemical properties

Question 28

What are the 4 chemical families and their groups?

Answer 28

Alkali metals (group 1)
Alkaline- Earth metals (group 2)
Halogens (group 17)
Noble gases (groups 18)

Question 29

Physical properties of the 4 chemical properties?

Answer 29

Alkali metals ( 1 valance electron)

Alkaline- Earth metals ( 2 valance electrons)

Halogens (7 valance electrons)

Noble gases ( 8 valance electrons – full valance orbitals)

Question 30

Chemical properties of the 4 chemical properties?

Answer 30

Alkali metals ( most reactive metals)

Alkaline- Earth metals (slightly less reactive than alkali metals )

Halogens (most reactive non-metals)

Noble gases ( All are unreactive and stable)